at 34 40 weeks of pregnancy the breast changes include

HESI RN

Reproductive System Exam Questions

1. At 34-40 weeks of pregnancy, the breast changes include:

A. Nipples become prominent and mobile.
B. Colostrum can be expressed.
C. Breasts become tender.
D. Montgomery's tubercles are prominent.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During the 34-40 weeks of pregnancy, Montgomery's tubercles become prominent. These are sebaceous glands on the areola, not the nipples. Choice A is incorrect as it describes the changes in nipples, not Montgomery's tubercles. Choice B is incorrect as colostrum production usually starts around the 16th week. Choice C is incorrect as breast tenderness is more common in early pregnancy due to hormonal changes.

2. Polymenorrhoea is defined as:

A. Menstruation that occurs at an interval less than 35 days
B. Menstruation that occurs at an interval greater than 35 days
C. Menstruation that occurs at an interval less than 21 days
D. Menstruation that occurs at an interval greater than 21 days

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Polymenorrhoea is defined as menstruation that occurs at intervals shorter than 21 days. Choice A is incorrect because it describes menstruation at intervals less than 35 days. Choice B is incorrect as it describes menstruation at intervals greater than 35 days. Choice D is incorrect as it describes menstruation at intervals greater than 21 days.

3. Which of the following is not a barrier method of birth control?

A. Vaults
B. Diaphragms
C. Sterilization
D. Cervical caps

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Sterilization. Sterilization is a permanent form of birth control that involves surgical procedures to prevent pregnancy by blocking the fallopian tubes or vas deferens. Barrier methods physically prevent sperm from reaching the egg, such as vaults, diaphragms, and cervical caps. These devices create a barrier to sperm, unlike sterilization. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are all considered barrier methods of birth control.

4. Which female reproductive organ is positioned directly posterior to the bladder?

A. Uterine tube
B. Vagina
C. Uterus
D. Ovaries

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is the uterus. The uterus is positioned directly posterior to the bladder in the female reproductive system. The uterine tube (choice A) is also known as the fallopian tube, which is not positioned directly posterior to the bladder. The vagina (choice B) is located below the uterus and not directly posterior to the bladder. The ovaries (choice D) are located on either side of the uterus, but they are not positioned directly posterior to the bladder.

5. Which of the following is the description of a normal cervix on speculum examination in a non-pregnant woman of reproductive age?

A. Bright red mucosa surrounding the cervical os, in turn surrounded by smooth, pink mucosa
B. Pink mucosa with multiple small, fluid-filled protrusions
C. Pink, glistening, smooth mucosa of the exocervix, with a small round or fish-mouthed cervical os
D. Smooth, pink mucosa and a small, fleshy protrusion through the cervical os

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct description of a normal cervix on speculum examination in a non-pregnant woman of reproductive age is pink, glistening, smooth mucosa of the exocervix, with a small round or fish-mouthed cervical os. This appearance is characteristic of a healthy cervix. Choice A is incorrect as a bright red mucosa is not normal. Choice B is incorrect as multiple small, fluid-filled protrusions suggest a different condition. Choice D is incorrect as a fleshy protrusion through the cervical os is abnormal.