Nursing Elites

1. Amniocentesis, a prenatal diagnostic test used to determine fetal sex, genetic anomalies, and biochemical abnormalities, is based on:

• A. The karyotyping of the amniotic fluid
• B. Chorionic villus sampling
• C. Umbilical cord blood sampling
• D. Ultrasound

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Amniocentesis involves the analysis of the fetal cells present in the amniotic fluid, which is extracted from the amniotic sac surrounding the developing fetus. This fluid contains cells shed by the fetus, which can be cultured and analyzed to obtain a karyotype, providing information about the fetal sex, genetic anomalies, and biochemical abnormalities. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because chorionic villus sampling involves obtaining a sample of the chorionic villi from the placenta, not the amniotic fluid; umbilical cord blood sampling is typically used for other purposes like assessing the baby's blood for infections or genetic disorders; and ultrasound is a diagnostic imaging technique that does not involve the analysis of fetal cells for genetic information.

2. Causes of metrorrhagia include:

• A. Cervical carcinoma
• B. Uterine polyp
• C. Cervical endometriosis
• D. Infections like Chlamydia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Metrorrhagia refers to irregular menstrual bleeding that occurs between periods. Cervical carcinoma, a type of cancer that develops in the cervix, can lead to metrorrhagia. Uterine polyps, which are growths attached to the inner wall of the uterus, can also cause abnormal bleeding. While infections like Chlamydia can cause abnormal vaginal bleeding, they are not common causes of metrorrhagia. Cervical endometriosis, although a possible gynecological condition, is not a typical cause of metrorrhagia. Therefore, the correct answer is cervical carcinoma as it is a known cause of metrorrhagia, making the other options incorrect.

3. Respect in reproductive health care involves:

• A. Talking to patients politely and managing their care compassionately and non-judgmentally.
• B. Ensuring that all patients sign a consent form.
• C. Ignoring patient requests for privacy.
• D. Disregarding patient concerns during care.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Respect in reproductive health care entails treating patients with politeness, compassion, and without judgment. Choice A is the correct answer as it aligns with the principles of respect and patient-centered care. It is essential to communicate respectfully, show compassion, and address patients' needs without passing judgment. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Ensuring consent through a form is important but not the sole aspect of respect. Ignoring patient requests for privacy goes against patient rights, and disregarding patient concerns is contrary to providing comprehensive care.

4. Which of the following methods is used for permanent contraception in males?

• A. Vasectomy
• B. Tubal ligation
• C. Condoms
• D. Coitus interruptus

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vasectomy. Vasectomy is a surgical procedure for permanent contraception in males by cutting or blocking the vas deferens. Choice B, Tubal ligation, is a method for permanent contraception in females by blocking or sealing the fallopian tubes. Choice C, Condoms, provide a barrier method of contraception but are not permanent. Choice D, Coitus interruptus, involves withdrawing the penis before ejaculation and is not a reliable method of contraception.

5. What does Bidder's canal receive?

• A. Eggs
• B. Sperms
• C. Ammonia
• D. Oxygenated blood

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Bidder's canal is a part of the male reproductive system and receives sperm from the testes. The other choices are incorrect because Bidder's canal is not associated with receiving eggs, ammonia, or oxygenated blood.

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