HESI RN
HESI Fundamentals Practice Test
1. A male healthcare provider is assigned to care for a female Muslim client. When the provider offers to bathe the client, the client requests that a female healthcare provider perform this task. How should the male healthcare provider respond?
- A. May I ask a female colleague to help you with your personal hygiene?
- B. I will ask one of the female healthcare providers to bathe you.
- C. A staff member on the next shift will help you.
- D. I will keep you draped and hand you the supplies as you need them.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most culturally sensitive response is for the male healthcare provider to ask one of the female healthcare providers to bathe the client. This approach respects the client's cultural and spiritual preferences by ensuring that their modesty and beliefs are honored during the care process. Choice A is incorrect as it puts the responsibility on the client to seek help, while the provider should take the initiative to arrange for appropriate care. Choice C is incorrect as it delays the assistance unnecessarily. Choice D, although helpful in maintaining modesty, does not address the client's request for a female healthcare provider to perform the task.
2. At 16 weeks of pregnancy, the breast changes include:
- A. Montgomery's tubercles are prominent.
- B. Darkening of the nipple.
- C. Prickling, tingling sensation.
- D. Colostrum can be expressed.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: At 16 weeks of pregnancy, the sensation of prickling and tingling in the breasts is common due to hormonal changes. Montgomery's tubercles becoming prominent is more characteristic of early pregnancy, typically around the first trimester. Darkening of the nipple, known as areola darkening, can occur but is more commonly observed later in pregnancy. The expression of colostrum, the first milk produced by the mammary glands, usually happens closer to the end of pregnancy or after childbirth, not typically at 16 weeks.
3. The nurse is conducting intake interviews of children at a city clinic. Which child is most susceptible to contracting lead poisoning?
- A. An 8-year-old living in a housing project.
- B. A 2-year-old playing on aging playground equipment.
- C. An adolescent working in a paint factory.
- D. A 10-year-old with Type 1 diabetes.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Young children, like the 2-year-old playing on aging playground equipment, are more susceptible to lead poisoning from environmental sources due to their behaviors like hand-to-mouth contact and exploratory behaviors. Choices A, C, and D are less likely to be at high risk for lead poisoning compared to young children due to differences in exposure levels and behaviors related to potential sources of lead contamination.
4. A client is on nicotinic acid (niacin) for hyperlipidemia and the nurse provides instructions to the client about the medication. Which statement by the client would indicate an understanding of the instructions?
- A. It is not necessary to avoid the use of alcohol.
- B. The medication should be taken with meals to decrease flushing.
- C. Clay-colored stools are a common side effect and should not be of concern.
- D. Ibuprofen (Motrin) taken 30 minutes before the nicotinic acid should decrease the flushing.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Aspirin or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug can be taken 30 minutes before taking the medication to decrease flushing. Alcohol consumption needs to be avoided because it will enhance this side effect. The medication should be taken with meals, this will decrease gastrointestinal upset. Taking the medication with meals has no effect on the flushing. Clay-colored stools are a sign of hepatic dysfunction and should be immediately reported to the health care provider (HCP).
5. The nurse is preparing a presentation on sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for a group of high school students. Which strategy is most effective for this age group?
- A. providing detailed statistical data on STI rates
- B. distributing brochures about STI prevention
- C. showing a documentary on the impact of STIs
- D. facilitating a discussion on safe sex practices
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Facilitating a discussion on safe sex practices is the most effective strategy for high school students when educating about sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This approach encourages active participation, allows students to ask questions, share experiences, and engage with the topic in a meaningful way. Providing detailed statistical data may overwhelm the students and not resonate with them effectively. Distributing brochures can be informative but might not promote the same level of interaction and understanding as a discussion. Showing a documentary is a passive method that may not engage the students actively or address their specific questions and concerns.