Nursing Elites

1. A male client who had abdominal surgery has a nasogastric tube for suction, oxygen via nasal cannula, and complains of dry mouth. Which action should the nurse implement?

• A. Apply a petroleum-based lubricant to the lips.
• B. Give sips of water.
• C. Provide ice chips.
• D. Apply a water-soluble lubricant to the lips, oral mucosa, and nares.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct action is to apply a water-soluble lubricant to the lips, oral mucosa, and nares. This helps in keeping the mucous membranes moist, which is essential for a client with a dry mouth due to the nasogastric tube and oxygen therapy. Choice A, applying a petroleum-based lubricant to the lips, is not suitable as it may not be safe for internal use. Choice B, giving sips of water, is contraindicated as the client has a nasogastric tube in place for suction. Choice C, providing ice chips, is also not recommended as the client needs proper lubrication to address dryness, not cold stimulation.

2. What is the most important information for a nurse to obtain when an older female client expresses not deserving to eat due to lack of money?

• A. Client's thoughts about wanting to hurt herself
• B. Medication history for antipsychotic agents
• C. Availability of family members to provide meals
• D. Community resources to provide financial aid

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Client's thoughts about wanting to hurt herself. When a client expresses not deserving to eat due to lack of money, it raises concerns about her mental and emotional well-being. Assessing for suicidal ideation is crucial in this situation to ensure the client's immediate safety. Options B, C, and D are not the most critical information to obtain in this scenario. While medication history, family support, and community resources are important aspects of care, in this context, the client's mental health and risk of self-harm take precedence.

3. The nurse is teaching a group of high school adolescents about safety associated with traumatic injuries. Which factor causing spinal cord injuries should the nurse discuss with the adolescents?

• A. motor vehicle accidents
• B. violent assault
• C. sports injuries
• D. falls

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: motor vehicle accidents. Motor vehicle accidents are a significant cause of spinal cord injuries among adolescents due to the high impact forces involved. While violent assault, sports injuries, and falls can also lead to spinal cord injuries, statistics show that motor vehicle accidents are a leading cause in this age group. Educating adolescents about the risks and preventive measures related to motor vehicle accidents is crucial in promoting their safety and well-being.

4. A homeless client with alcohol dependency will be dismissed from the emergency department in 24 hours. The nurse notes that a tuberculin skin test was prescribed by the healthcare provider. What intervention is most important for the nurse to implement prior to discharge?

• A. Identify how the client will follow-up to have the results read
• B. Give the client written information about the tuberculosis test
• C. Determine if the client understands the purpose of the tuberculin test
• D. Explain to the client results should be read between 48 and 72 hours

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most important intervention for the nurse to implement prior to the discharge of a homeless client with alcohol dependency who had a tuberculin skin test prescribed is to identify how the client will follow-up to have the results read. This is crucial to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment. Providing written information (Choice B) is helpful but not as critical as ensuring the follow-up plan. Determining if the client understands the purpose of the test (Choice C) is important but not as immediate as ensuring the follow-up plan. Explaining when the results should be read (Choice D) is important, but the priority is to make sure the client has a plan in place for follow-up.

5. Community health nurses are particularly concerned with the source of communicable diseases such as hepatitis A. Which group of individuals have a higher risk of contracting that type of hepatitis?

• A. IV drug users who share needles
• B. low-income families living in cramped quarters
• C. those who have recently received a blood transfusion
• D. sexually active persons with multiple partners

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Hepatitis A is often spread through close personal contact and poor sanitary conditions, which are more common in low-income, cramped living situations. IV drug users sharing needles are at higher risk of hepatitis B and C due to bloodborne transmission. Those who have recently received a blood transfusion are at risk of hepatitis C or other bloodborne infections. Sexually active persons with multiple partners are at risk of hepatitis B, which can be transmitted through sexual contact.

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