Nursing Elites

1. What teaching points are important for the nurse to discuss with a client with hearing loss who has been fitted for a hearing aid?

• A. Use the highest setting to promote full auditory comprehension
• B. Use mild soap and water to clean the ear mold
• C. Turn the hearing aid off to conserve battery life during hours of sleep only
• D. Immerse the hearing aid in saline solution to keep it hygienic

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct teaching point for a client with hearing loss who has been fitted for a hearing aid is to use mild soap and water to clean the ear mold. It is important to keep the ear mold clean to prevent infections and maintain proper functioning. Choice A is incorrect because using the highest setting can lead to discomfort and may not be necessary for all situations. Choice C is incorrect as the hearing aid should generally be turned off when not in use, not just during sleep, to conserve battery life. Choice D is incorrect as immersing the hearing aid in saline solution can damage the device; it should be kept dry to prevent malfunction.

2. A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has stomatitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

• A. Dry, cracked lips
• B. Bleeding gums
• C. Foul-smelling breath
• D. Red, open sores in the mouth

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Red, open sores in the mouth. Stomatitis, a common side effect of chemotherapy, presents with red, open sores in the mouth, which can be painful and increase the risk of infection. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because stomatitis typically does not manifest as dry, cracked lips, bleeding gums, or foul-smelling breath.

3. A public health nurse is developing a list of interventions to address the 3 core functions of public health. What interventions should the nurse include as a part of the assurance function?

• A. Collect data on health trends in the community.
• B. Organize an immunization clinic for at-risk members of the community.
• C. Develop policies to address health disparities.
• D. Conduct research on communicable diseases in the area.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Organize an immunization clinic for at-risk members of the community.' The assurance function of public health involves ensuring that essential public health services, like immunizations, are provided to meet public health goals. Choice A, collecting data on health trends, is more aligned with the assessment function of public health. Choice C, developing policies to address health disparities, pertains to the policy development function. Choice D, conducting research on communicable diseases, is related to the research function rather than the assurance function.

4. A nurse is assessing a male adolescent client who has heart failure. Based on the client’s chart, which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

• A. Withhold spironolactone
• B. Administer ferrous sulfate
• C. Administer furosemide
• D. Withhold digoxin

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is to administer furosemide. Furosemide is a diuretic commonly used in heart failure to manage fluid retention, helping alleviate symptoms like edema and shortness of breath. Withholding spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, could lead to electrolyte imbalances. Administering ferrous sulfate is used to treat iron deficiency anemia, not heart failure. Withholding digoxin, a medication used in heart failure to improve heart function, can worsen the client's condition.

5. A client with chronic renal failure needs dietary instructions. Which of the following should the nurse provide?

• A. Increase calcium intake
• B. Provide a diet high in potassium
• C. Restrict protein intake
• D. Increase fluid intake

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to restrict protein intake. In chronic renal failure, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter waste products, so limiting protein helps reduce the buildup of waste in the body. Increasing calcium intake (Choice A) is not typically necessary unless there is a specific deficiency. Providing a diet high in potassium (Choice B) is contraindicated as potassium levels need to be monitored and controlled in renal failure. Increasing fluid intake (Choice D) may be necessary depending on the individual's condition, but restricting protein intake is a more critical dietary instruction for clients with chronic renal failure.

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