HESI RN
Community Health HESI 2023 Quizlet
1. A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted with sudden severe abdominal pain. Which finding indicates the possibility of a perforated ulcer?
- A. Bowel sounds are hyperactive in all quadrants.
- B. Abdomen is soft and nondistended.
- C. The client reports sudden severe abdominal pain.
- D. Blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Sudden severe abdominal pain is a key clinical manifestation of a perforated ulcer. The sudden onset of severe pain is concerning for a perforation in the ulcer, which can lead to peritonitis if not promptly addressed. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because hyperactive bowel sounds, a soft and nondistended abdomen, and a blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg are not specific indicators of a perforated ulcer. Hyperactive bowel sounds may suggest increased gastrointestinal motility, a soft abdomen may not necessarily indicate a perforation, and a blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg is within normal limits and does not directly relate to a perforated ulcer.
2. During a home visit, the nurse observes an elderly client with disabilities slip and fall. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. provide the client with 4 ounces of orange juice
- B. call 911 to summon emergency assistance
- C. check the client for lacerations or fractures
- D. assess the client's blood sugar level
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first after an elderly client with disabilities slips and falls is to check the client for lacerations or fractures. This is crucial to assess the extent of injuries and provide appropriate medical attention promptly. Option A, providing orange juice, is not a priority in this situation and does not address the potential injuries. While calling 911 (Option B) may be necessary, assessing for immediate injuries takes precedence. Assessing the client's blood sugar level (Option D) is not the immediate priority after a fall unless there is a specific indication or suspicion of hypoglycemia.
3. A public health nurse is addressing the issue of childhood lead poisoning in a low-income community. Which intervention should be prioritized?
- A. Providing free blood lead level testing for children
- B. Distributing pamphlets on the dangers of lead exposure
- C. Conducting home inspections for lead-based paint
- D. Educating parents about lead poisoning prevention
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Providing free blood lead level testing for children should be prioritized as it directly identifies children who are at risk and in need of intervention. This intervention allows for early detection and timely implementation of necessary measures to prevent further lead exposure or address existing poisoning. Distributing pamphlets (choice B) may raise awareness but does not directly identify at-risk children. Conducting home inspections (choice C) is important but may not be as immediate and targeted as blood lead level testing. Educating parents (choice D) is essential but may not directly identify and address individual cases of lead poisoning as testing does.
4. The client, who is 6 weeks pregnant, is being educated by the nurse on prenatal care. Which statement indicates that the client comprehends the nurse's instructions?
- A. I will increase my intake of vitamin C.
- B. I will avoid alcohol and tobacco.
- C. I will need to take folic acid supplements.
- D. I will avoid taking any medication without consulting my healthcare provider.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. During pregnancy, it is crucial to avoid taking any medication without consulting a healthcare provider to prevent harm to the developing fetus. Choices A, B, and C are important aspects of prenatal care but do not specifically address the potential risks associated with taking medications during pregnancy. Increasing intake of vitamin C (Choice A) is beneficial but does not address medication safety. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco (Choice B) is essential, but the question focuses on medication safety. Taking folic acid supplements (Choice C) is vital for neural tube development but does not cover the broader topic of medication safety.
5. The instructor is teaching a prenatal class about the importance of folic acid. Which outcome indicates that the teaching was effective?
- A. participants can list foods high in folic acid
- B. participants plan to take folic acid supplements daily
- C. participants understand the risks of folic acid deficiency
- D. participants demonstrate how to read nutrition labels for folic acid content
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because planning to take folic acid supplements daily is a proactive step towards preventing folic acid deficiency and reducing the risk of neural tube defects in pregnancy. While choice A is important for dietary knowledge, the direct action of taking supplements is more effective. Choice C, understanding the risks, is good but does not ensure action. Choice D, reading nutrition labels, is helpful but doesn't guarantee intake of folic acid.
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