Which client has the highest risk for devel oping community-acquired pneumonia?

• A. a 40-year ol d fi rst-grade teacher w ho works w ith underprivileged children
• B. a 75-year ol d reti red secretary w ith exercise-induced w heezing
• C. a 60-year ol d homeless person who i s an alcoholic and smokes
• D. a 35-year old aerobics instructor who skips meals and eats only vegetables -

Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This client is at high risk due to multiple factors, including homelessness, substance abuse, and smoking, which contribute to a higher risk of pneumonia.

A client with a history of diabetes mellitus is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which finding requires immediate intervention?

• A. Blood glucose of 200 mg/dL.
• B. Serum bicarbonate of 20 mEq/L.
• C. Blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg.
• D. Urine output of 50 mL in 4 hours.

Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), urine output of 50 mL in 4 hours indicates oliguria, which is a concerning sign of decreased renal perfusion and potential renal failure. This finding requires immediate intervention to prevent further deterioration of kidney function.\n\nChoice A (Blood glucose of 200 mg/dL) is elevated but not the most urgent concern in this scenario. Choice B (Serum bicarbonate of 20 mEq/L) reflects metabolic acidosis, which is expected in DKA but does not require immediate intervention. Choice C (Blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg) is slightly elevated but not acutely concerning in the context of DKA.

A client with a history of asthma is admitted with shortness of breath. Which finding requires immediate intervention?

• A. Increased respiratory rate.
• B. Absence of breath sounds.
• C. Expiratory wheezes.
• D. Productive cough with green sputum.

Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Absence of breath sounds can indicate a pneumothorax or severe asthma exacerbation, which requires immediate intervention.

A community health nurse is planning a program to address the rising rates of obesity in the community. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?

• A. organizing community exercise programs
• B. distributing educational materials on healthy eating
• C. partnering with local grocery stores to provide discounts on healthy foods
• D. conducting health screenings for early detection of obesity-related conditions

Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Organizing community exercise programs encourages physical activity, which is essential for weight management and reducing obesity rates.