a 2 year old is admitted to the hospital with possible encephalitis and a lumbar puncture is scheduled which information should the nurse provide this
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Nursing Elites

HESI RN

HESI Pediatric Practice Exam

1. A 2-year-old is admitted to the hospital with possible encephalitis, and a lumbar puncture is scheduled. Which information should the nurse provide this child concerning the procedure?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Children, especially young ones, benefit from knowing what position they will be in during a procedure as it helps them understand and feel more in control. Describing the side-lying, knees-to-chest position can reduce anxiety and promote cooperation during the lumbar puncture. Choice B is incorrect because the question is about preparing the child for the procedure, not about pre-procedure fasting requirements. Choice C is incorrect because there may be restrictions on activity after the procedure. Choice D is incorrect because mentioning loud clicking noises may increase the child's anxiety and fear.

2. A parent of a 2-month-old infant, who was treated for pyloric stenosis, is receiving discharge instructions from a healthcare provider. Which statement by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Placing infants on their stomach after feeding increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). It is important to educate parents to always place infants on their back to sleep to reduce this risk.

3. The healthcare provider is developing the plan of care for a hospitalized child with von Willebrand disease. What priority nursing intervention should be included in this child's plan of care?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Children with von Willebrand disease have a deficiency in a clotting protein, putting them at risk of bleeding episodes. The priority nursing intervention for a child with von Willebrand disease is to guard against bleeding injuries to prevent excessive bleeding or hemorrhage. Choices A, B, and D are not the priority interventions for von Willebrand disease. While reducing exposure to infection is important for any hospitalized child, it is not the priority for von Willebrand disease. Eliminating contact with cold objects is more relevant for conditions like Raynaud's disease. Reducing contact with other children is not a specific priority related to managing von Willebrand disease.

4. What information should be reinforced with the parents of a school-aged child about Reye's syndrome?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Avoid giving any medication containing aspirin during a viral illness.' It is crucial to advise parents to avoid giving any medication containing aspirin during a viral illness to prevent Reye's syndrome. Reye's syndrome is a rare but serious condition linked to the use of aspirin during viral illnesses in children and teenagers. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because vaccinating against Reye's syndrome is not applicable as there is no specific vaccine for it, keeping the child at home for 2 days after symptoms appear is not a preventive measure for Reye's syndrome, and avoiding citrus juices is not directly related to the prevention of Reye's syndrome.

5. Which statement by a school-aged client going to summer camp indicates the best understanding of the mode of transmission of Lyme disease?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Wearing long sleeves and pants is an effective measure to prevent tick bites, which can transmit Lyme disease. Ticks are commonly found in wooded areas and tall grass, so covering exposed skin helps reduce the risk of tick bites and subsequently lowers the risk of contracting Lyme disease. Choices A, B, and C do not directly address the mode of transmission of Lyme disease. Option A pertains to respiratory protection against dust, Option B focuses on wound care, and Option C relates to water safety, none of which are directly related to preventing Lyme disease transmission.

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