HESI RN
HESI Practice Test Pediatrics
1. A 12-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of osteomyelitis. Which finding should the nurse expect during the assessment?
- A. Localized pain and swelling
- B. Generalized joint stiffness
- C. Pain in the muscles
- D. Limited range of motion in the limbs
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In osteomyelitis, an infection of the bone, patients typically present with localized pain, swelling, and warmth over the affected bone. This is due to the inflammatory response in the bone tissue. Generalized joint stiffness, pain in the muscles, and limited range of motion in the limbs are not specific to osteomyelitis and are more commonly associated with other conditions.
2. The healthcare provider is providing dietary instructions to a client with hyperthyroidism. Which of the following foods should the client avoid?
- A. Seafood
- B. Spinach
- C. Bananas
- D. Oatmeal
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The client with hyperthyroidism should avoid foods high in iodine, as it can exacerbate the condition by increasing thyroid hormone production. Seafood, particularly ocean fish, is rich in iodine, making it a food to avoid. Spinach, bananas, and oatmeal do not contain high levels of iodine and are generally safe for individuals with hyperthyroidism.
3. A community health nurse is applying for a federal grant to support a smoking cessation educational program. In which order should the nurse prioritize these nursing activities? Arrange in order top to bottom.
- A. Determine the target aggregate that will be served by the program
- B. Consider pros and cons of different methods of data gathering
- C. Select and train the data collection personnel
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'D' - All of the above. The nurse should first determine the target aggregate that will be served by the program to understand the specific population in need. Subsequently, they should consider the pros and cons of different methods of data gathering to ensure the most appropriate data collection strategies are employed. Finally, selecting and training the data collection personnel is essential for the successful implementation of the program. These steps provide a logical progression from identifying the target group to analyzing the collected data. Choices A, B, and C are all crucial steps that must be taken in sequence to effectively develop and implement the smoking cessation educational program.
4. A client undergoing chemotherapy reports extreme fatigue. What should the nurse recommend to manage this symptom?
- A. Increase the dose of chemotherapy.
- B. Rest when needed and maintain a balanced diet.
- C. Perform light physical activity to reduce fatigue.
- D. Consider delaying the chemotherapy treatment.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct recommendation for managing chemotherapy-induced fatigue is to advise the client to rest when needed and maintain a balanced diet. Increasing the dose of chemotherapy (Choice A) would exacerbate the fatigue and other side effects. While light physical activity (Choice C) can be beneficial, extreme fatigue may require more rest initially. Delaying chemotherapy treatment (Choice D) should only be considered after consultation with the healthcare provider, as timely treatment is usually crucial in cancer care.
5. To reduce staff nurse role ambiguity, which strategy should the nurse-manager implement?
- A. Review the staff nurse job description to ensure that it is clear, accurate, and current.
- B. Conduct regular meetings to clarify roles.
- C. Increase communication between team members.
- D. Provide additional training for new nurses.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Review the staff nurse job description to ensure that it is clear, accurate, and current. By ensuring that job descriptions are clear and up-to-date, nurse-managers can reduce ambiguity and confusion about roles and responsibilities. Choice B, conducting regular meetings to clarify roles, may help but may not address the root cause of ambiguity. Choice C, increasing communication between team members, is important but may not specifically target role ambiguity. Choice D, providing additional training for new nurses, is valuable but may not directly address role ambiguity among existing staff.