Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing the spread of infectious diseases?

• A. Antibiotic treatment
• B. Quarantine of infected individuals
• C. Vaccination
• D. Nutritional supplementation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Vaccination is the most effective method for preventing the spread of infectious diseases as it helps in developing immunity against specific pathogens, reducing the likelihood of infection and transmission within a population. Antibiotics are used to treat infections, not prevent their spread. Quarantine limits the contact of infected individuals but does not provide long-term prevention. Nutritional supplementation can support overall health but is not a primary method for preventing infectious diseases.

2. To maintain the cleanliness of the bag and its contents, what should the nurse do?

• A. Wash their hands before and after providing care to family members
• B. Use only items from the bag when caring for family members
• C. Wear an apron to protect their uniform and fold it with the right side out before returning it to the bag
• D. Fold the lining on which the bag was placed at the end of the visit, ensuring the contaminated side is facing outward

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most crucial step in maintaining cleanliness when caring for family members and handling the bag and its contents is to wash the nurse's hands before and after providing care. This practice helps prevent the spread of germs and maintains proper hygiene standards, reducing the risk of contamination. Washing hands is a fundamental infection control measure that all healthcare professionals should adhere to in their daily practice.

3. What is the primary goal of community health nursing?

• A. To support and supplement the efforts of the medical profession in the promotion of health and prevention of diseases
• B. To enhance the capacity of individuals, families, and communities to cope with their health needs
• C. To increase the productivity of people by providing them with services that will increase their level of health
• D. To contribute to national development through the promotion of family welfare, focusing particularly on mothers and children

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal of community health nursing is to enhance the capacity of individuals, families, and communities to cope with their health needs. This involves empowering them with the knowledge and resources to address their health concerns effectively, promoting overall well-being and preventing illnesses. While other choices touch on aspects of community health nursing, such as supporting the medical profession, increasing productivity, and contributing to national development, the core focus remains on empowering individuals and communities for better health outcomes.

4. If the RHU needs additional midwife items, to whom should you submit the request for approval?

• A. Rural Health Unit
• B. District Health Office
• C. Provincial Health Office
• D. Municipal Health Board

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When the RHU requires additional midwife items, the request for approval should be submitted to the Municipal Health Board. According to R.A. 7160, basic health services have been decentralized from the national government to local government units, including municipalities. The Municipal Health Board plays a crucial role in overseeing health-related matters at the local level, making it the appropriate authority to seek approval for additional midwife items.

5. Knowing that malnutrition is a common community health issue, you decided to conduct a nutritional assessment. What population is particularly vulnerable to protein-energy malnutrition (PEM)?

• A. Pregnant women and the elderly
• B. Under 5-year-old children
• C. 1-4-year-old children
• D. School-age children

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Under 5-year-old children are particularly susceptible to protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) because they have generally been weaned and often rely on others for food. This population may suffer from poor intrafamilial food distribution, contributing to their vulnerability.

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