Nursing Elites

1. According to Margaret Shetland, the philosophy of public health nursing is based on which of the following?

• A. Health and longevity as birthrights
• B. The mandate of the state to protect the birthrights of its citizens
• C. Public health nursing as a specialized field of nursing
• D. The worth and dignity of man

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Dr. Margaret Shetland emphasized that the philosophy of public health nursing is rooted in the belief in the worth and dignity of every individual. This principle underscores the core values of public health nursing, focusing on respect for human life and the promotion of health for all individuals, regardless of their background or circumstances.

2. CHN is a community-based practice. What best explains this statement?

• A. The service is provided in the natural environment of people
• B. The nurse conducts community diagnosis to determine nursing needs and problems
• C. The services are based on the available resources within the community
• D. Priority setting is based on the magnitude of the health problems identified

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In community-based practice, healthcare providers deliver care to individuals in their natural environments, such as homes, schools, and workplaces. Conducting community diagnosis allows nurses to assess the specific needs and problems within the community, enabling them to tailor their services effectively and address the identified health concerns.

3. Freedom of choice is one of the policies of the Family Planning Program of the Philippines. Which of the following illustrates this principle?

• A. Information dissemination about the need for family planning
• B. Support for research and development in family planning methods
• C. Adequate information for couples regarding the different methods
• D. Encouragement for couples to take family planning as a joint responsibility

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The principle of freedom of choice in family planning programs emphasizes providing couples with adequate information about the different methods available. This enables them to make informed decisions based on their preferences and needs. By ensuring couples have access to comprehensive information, they can freely choose the family planning method that best suits their circumstances, promoting autonomy and informed decision-making.

4. Which of the following is an example of a live attenuated vaccine?

• A. Hepatitis B vaccine
• B. Inactivated polio vaccine
• C. Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine
• D. Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (DPT) vaccine

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine is an example of a live attenuated vaccine because it contains weakened versions of the viruses that cause measles, mumps, and rubella. These weakened viruses can replicate in the body to stimulate an immune response without causing the diseases themselves.

5. When preparing a primigravida for breastfeeding, which of the following will you do?

• A. Explain that lactation usually begins 1 to 3 days after delivery
• B. Teach her nipple stretching exercises if her nipples are flat or inverted
• C. Advise against washing her nipples excessively before and after each breastfeeding
• D. Inform her that putting the baby to breast can help reduce post-delivery blood loss

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Putting the baby to breast can help reduce post-delivery blood loss as suckling stimulates the release of oxytocin, causing uterine contractions. Lactation typically starts 1 to 3 days after delivery, not immediately. Nipple stretching exercises are recommended for flat or inverted nipples, not everted ones. Excessive washing of the nipples can dry them out, increasing the risk of fissures.

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