ATI LPN
ATI Comprehensive Predictor PN
1. What is the initial step a nurse should take when irrigating a wound?
- A. Wear sterile gloves while removing the old dressing
- B. Cleanse the wound from the center outward
- C. Apply a warm compress to the wound
- D. Use a 20 mL syringe to irrigate the wound
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct first action when irrigating a wound is to cleanse the wound from the center outward. This method helps remove debris and pathogens effectively, reducing the risk of infection. Choice A is incorrect because wearing sterile gloves should be done before starting the wound irrigation but is not the first action in the process. Choice C is incorrect as applying a warm compress is not the initial step in wound irrigation. Choice D is also incorrect as using a syringe to irrigate the wound comes after cleansing the wound.
2. A charge nurse on a long-term care unit is preparing to delegate tasks to a licensed practical nurse (LPN) and an assistive personnel (AP). Which of the following tasks should the charge nurse delegate to the LPN?
- A. Insert an IV catheter
- B. Administer initial NG tube feeding
- C. Administer insulin
- D. Give medications for diabetes
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct task to delegate to the LPN is administering initial NG tube feeding. LPNs are trained to carry out this task as it falls within their scope of practice. Inserting an IV catheter (Choice A) is typically performed by registered nurses. Administering insulin (Choice C) and giving medications for diabetes (Choice D) involve assessing the patient's condition and adjusting medication dosage, which are responsibilities of registered nurses or higher-level healthcare providers.
3. What is a primary symptom of left-sided heart failure?
- A. Shortness of breath
- B. Edema
- C. Rapid heartbeat
- D. Confusion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Shortness of breath is a primary symptom of left-sided heart failure. In this condition, the heart's inability to pump effectively leads to fluid backing up into the lungs, causing difficulty breathing. Edema (swelling), rapid heartbeat, and confusion are more commonly associated with other conditions or right-sided heart failure. Edema is often seen in right-sided heart failure due to fluid accumulation in the body, rapid heartbeat can be a general sign of heart issues, and confusion is more related to decreased brain perfusion in severe heart failure cases.
4. How should a healthcare professional assess a patient with chest pain?
- A. Assess the severity of pain and monitor ECG
- B. Administer nitroglycerin and provide oxygen
- C. Administer aspirin and provide pain relief
- D. Monitor for nausea and administer IV fluids
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When assessing a patient with chest pain, the initial step is to assess the severity of pain and monitor the electrocardiogram (ECG) to look for signs of cardiac issues. Administering nitroglycerin and oxygen (Choice B) is a treatment option for suspected cardiac chest pain but should not precede a thorough assessment. Administering aspirin and providing pain relief (Choice C) may be indicated later, but the priority is to assess the situation first. Monitoring for nausea and administering IV fluids (Choice D) is not the initial assessment for chest pain unless there are specific indications present.
5. What term refers to the agreement to keep promises?
- A. Fidelity
- B. Non-maleficence
- C. Autonomy
- D. Justice
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The term 'fidelity' specifically refers to the agreement to keep promises. Fidelity in healthcare ethics emphasizes the importance of healthcare professionals keeping their commitments to patients. Choice B, 'Non-maleficence,' relates to the ethical principle of doing no harm. Choice C, 'Autonomy,' refers to respecting a patient's right to make decisions about their own healthcare. Choice D, 'Justice,' pertains to fairness and equality in the distribution of healthcare resources.
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