ATI LPN
ATI Comprehensive Predictor PN
1. What is the initial step a nurse should take when irrigating a wound?
- A. Wear sterile gloves while removing the old dressing
- B. Cleanse the wound from the center outward
- C. Apply a warm compress to the wound
- D. Use a 20 mL syringe to irrigate the wound
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct first action when irrigating a wound is to cleanse the wound from the center outward. This method helps remove debris and pathogens effectively, reducing the risk of infection. Choice A is incorrect because wearing sterile gloves should be done before starting the wound irrigation but is not the first action in the process. Choice C is incorrect as applying a warm compress is not the initial step in wound irrigation. Choice D is also incorrect as using a syringe to irrigate the wound comes after cleansing the wound.
2. A client has hyperthermia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Submerge the client's feet in ice water.
- B. Cover the client with a thermal blanket.
- C. Administer oral acetaminophen.
- D. Initiate seizure precautions.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Administering oral acetaminophen is the appropriate intervention for a client with hyperthermia. Acetaminophen helps to reduce fever by lowering the body's temperature. Submerging the client's feet in ice water can lead to shock and is not recommended. Using a thermal blanket may worsen the condition by trapping heat. Initiating seizure precautions is not directly related to managing hyperthermia.
3. What are the nursing priorities for a patient experiencing an asthma exacerbation?
- A. Administer a bronchodilator
- B. Encourage deep breathing
- C. Provide oxygen therapy
- D. Monitor oxygen saturation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct nursing priority for a patient experiencing an asthma exacerbation is to administer a bronchodilator. Bronchodilators help in relieving bronchoconstriction and improving breathing. While encouraging deep breathing, providing oxygen therapy, and monitoring oxygen saturation are essential aspects of managing asthma exacerbation, the priority is to administer a bronchodilator to address the acute bronchoconstriction.
4. A client is being cared for by a nurse with dehydration. What is the priority intervention?
- A. Administer antiemetics to reduce nausea
- B. Encourage the client to drink oral rehydration solutions
- C. Monitor the client's fluid and electrolyte levels
- D. Administer intravenous fluids
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor the client's fluid and electrolyte levels. When caring for a client with dehydration, it is crucial to assess and monitor their fluid and electrolyte status to guide appropriate interventions. Administering antiemetics may help with nausea but does not address the underlying issue of dehydration. Encouraging the client to drink oral rehydration solutions is beneficial but may not be the immediate priority if the client is severely dehydrated. Administering intravenous fluids may be necessary based on the assessment of fluid and electrolyte levels, making monitoring these levels the priority intervention.
5. A client is given morphine 6 mg IV push for postoperative pain. Following administration of this drug, the nurse observes the following: pulse 68, respirations 8, BP 100/68, client sleeping quietly. Which of the following nursing actions is MOST appropriate?
- A. Allow the client to sleep undisturbed
- B. Administer oxygen via facemask or nasal prongs
- C. Administer naloxone (Narcan)
- D. Place epinephrine 1:1,000 at the bedside
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer naloxone (Narcan). The client's vital signs indicate opioid-induced respiratory depression, which is a potential side effect of morphine. Naloxone is used to reverse the effects of opioids, particularly to restore normal respiratory function. Administering oxygen alone (Choice B) may not address the underlying cause of respiratory depression. Allowing the client to sleep undisturbed (Choice A) is inappropriate when signs of respiratory depression are present. Epinephrine (Choice D) is not indicated in this situation and is not used to reverse opioid effects.
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