ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers
1. What is the first step in managing a patient with a suspected pneumothorax?
- A. Insert a chest tube
- B. Monitor respiratory status
- C. Administer oxygen
- D. Call for assistance
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to insert a chest tube. In managing a patient with a suspected pneumothorax, the priority is to relieve the pressure from the pneumothorax by inserting a chest tube. Monitoring respiratory status (choice B) is important but comes after ensuring proper management of the pneumothorax. Administering oxygen (choice C) can help support oxygenation but does not address the underlying issue of pressure in the thoracic cavity. Calling for assistance (choice D) can be done concurrently with managing the pneumothorax, but the immediate intervention to address the pneumothorax itself is chest tube insertion.
2. A nurse is caring for a client with dementia who is at risk of falls. What is the most appropriate intervention?
- A. Use a bed exit alarm to notify staff of attempts to leave the bed
- B. Raise all four side rails for safety
- C. Encourage frequent ambulation with assistance
- D. Use restraints to prevent the client from getting out of bed
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The most appropriate intervention for a client with dementia at risk of falls is to use a bed exit alarm to notify staff of attempts to leave the bed. This intervention allows for timely assistance and prevents falls. Raising all four side rails (Choice B) can lead to entrapment or agitate the client. Encouraging frequent ambulation with assistance (Choice C) may not be suitable for a client at high risk of falls. Using restraints (Choice D) should be avoided as they can increase agitation, risk of injury, and have ethical implications.
3. A nurse is planning to irrigate and dress a clean, granulating wound for a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Irrigate the wound with normal saline.
- B. Apply a wet-to-dry gauze dressing.
- C. Use a cotton ball to cleanse the wound.
- D. Administer an analgesic after the dressing change.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to irrigate the wound with normal saline. Normal saline is the preferred solution for wound irrigation as it is isotonic and gentle, promoting healing in granulating wounds. Choice B, applying a wet-to-dry gauze dressing, is not appropriate for clean, granulating wounds as it can cause trauma to the wound bed upon removal. Choice C, using a cotton ball to cleanse the wound, is not ideal as cotton fibers can adhere to the wound and cause contamination. Choice D, administering an analgesic after the dressing change, is important for pain management but is not directly related to irrigating and dressing the wound.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is being discharged home following a cerebrovascular accident. Which of the following documents should the nurse plan to include with the discharge report?
- A. List of prescribed medications
- B. Potential complications to report
- C. Family contact details
- D. Dietary restrictions
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Potential complications to report. Including potential complications in the discharge report is crucial for ensuring proper follow-up care. This information helps the client and their caregivers to be aware of warning signs that may indicate a worsening condition or the need for immediate medical attention. Choices A, C, and D are important aspects of discharge planning, but providing a list of potential complications to report takes precedence as it directly impacts the client's safety and well-being post-discharge.
5. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who has Cushing's disease. The nurse should expect the client to have an increase in which of the following laboratory values?
- A. Serum glucose level.
- B. Serum calcium level.
- C. Lymphocyte count.
- D. Serum potassium level.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Serum glucose level. In Cushing's disease, there is an excess production of cortisol, leading to hyperglycemia. This results in an increase in serum glucose levels. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because Cushing's disease does not directly affect serum calcium levels, lymphocyte count, or serum potassium levels.
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