Nursing Elites

1. Where is Vitamin B12 found?

• A. Whole grains.
• B. Nuts.
• C. Meats.
• D. Legumes.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal-derived foods like meats. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as whole grains, nuts, and legumes do not naturally contain significant amounts of Vitamin B12. Therefore, the correct answer is 'C: Meats.'

2. What is the primary function of protein in the diet?

• A. supply energy.
• B. synthesize vitamins.
• C. build and repair tissue.
• D. store glycogen.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary function of protein in the diet is to build and repair tissues. Proteins are essential for the growth, maintenance, and repair of body tissues like muscles, skin, and organs. While proteins can be a source of energy, their primary role is not to supply energy, making choice A incorrect. Choice B is also incorrect as proteins do not synthesize vitamins; rather, they are essential nutrients themselves. Choice D is inaccurate because glycogen is a form of stored glucose in the body, not a function of protein.

3. A food choice equivalent to one serving from the Protein group of MyPlate is:

• A. 1 tbsp peanut butter.
• B. 3 oz fish.
• C. 2 oz cheese.
• D. 1/2 cup cooked dry beans or peas.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: One tablespoon of peanut butter is equivalent to one serving from the Protein group in MyPlate. It provides a good amount of protein and healthy fats. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they represent larger serving sizes than a single serving from the Protein group in MyPlate. 3 oz of fish, 2 oz of cheese, and 1/2 cup of cooked dry beans or peas would exceed the recommended serving size for the Protein group.

4. The hormone secretin stimulates production of a buffering solution for the duodenum by the:

• A. stomach.
• B. liver.
• C. pancreas.
• D. oxyntic cells.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: pancreas. Secretin stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate, which acts as a buffering solution to neutralize the acid entering the duodenum from the stomach. This process helps in maintaining the pH balance in the small intestine. Choice A, stomach, is incorrect as the stomach does not produce the buffering solution needed for the duodenum. Choice B, liver, is incorrect because secretin does not directly stimulate the liver to produce a buffering solution. Choice D, oxyntic cells, is also incorrect as these cells in the stomach are responsible for producing gastric acid, not the buffering solution needed in the duodenum.

5. What is the primary function of carbohydrates as a food source?

• A. Regulate metabolic processes.
• B. Build body tissue.
• C. Supply energy.
• D. Provide bulk.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary function of carbohydrates as a food source is to supply energy. Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy, providing fuel for various physiological functions. Choice A is incorrect because carbohydrates do not primarily regulate metabolic processes; that role is mainly attributed to enzymes and hormones. Choice B is incorrect because proteins are primarily responsible for building body tissue. Choice D is incorrect because fiber, not all carbohydrates, provides bulk in the diet.

Similar Questions