ATI LPN
PN Nutrition Assessment ATI
1. The professional primarily responsible for the application of nutrition science in clinical practice settings is the:
- A. nurse.
- B. physician.
- C. public health nutritionist.
- D. registered dietitian.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: registered dietitian. A registered dietitian is a healthcare professional with specialized training in nutrition and dietetics, making them primarily responsible for applying nutrition science in clinical practice settings. Nurses (choice A) and physicians (choice B) may have some knowledge of nutrition, but a registered dietitian has specific expertise in this area. Public health nutritionists (choice C) typically focus on community nutrition and public health programs, rather than clinical practice settings.
2. A client from a nursing home is admitted with urinary sepsis and has a single-lumen, peripherally-inserted central catheter (PICC). Four medications are prescribed for 9:00 a.m. and the nurse is running behind schedule. Which medication should the nurse administer first?
- A. Piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn) in 100 ml D5W, IV over 30 minutes q8 hours.
- B. Vancomycin (Vancocin) 1 gm in 250 ml D5W, IV over 90 minutes q12 hours.
- C. Pantoprazole (Protonix) 40 mg PO daily.
- D. Enoxaparin (Lovenox) 40 mg subq q24 hours.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In a patient with urinary sepsis, administering Piperacillin/tazobactam first is crucial as it is an antibiotic that directly targets the infection. Addressing the infection promptly is essential to prevent its progression and complications. Vancomycin, Pantoprazole, and Enoxaparin are important medications for the patient's overall treatment plan, but in this scenario, the antibiotic should take precedence due to the urgency of managing the sepsis.
3. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has heart failure and a new prescription for digoxin 0.215 mg PO daily and furosemide 20 mg PO daily. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I know that blurred vision is something I will expect to happen while taking digoxin.
- B. I will measure my urine output each day and document it in my diary.
- C. I will skip a dose of my digoxin if my resting heart rate is below 72 beats per minute.
- D. I will eat fruits and vegetables that have high potassium content every day.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Clients taking digoxin and furosemide are at risk for hypokalemia. Eating potassium-rich foods can help maintain normal potassium levels.
4. Which is the correct method for teaching a client to use a cane when they have left-leg weakness?
- A. Use the cane on the weaker side of the body
- B. Advance the cane and the strong leg together
- C. Maintain two points of support on the floor at all times
- D. Advance the cane 30 to 45 cm (12-18 in) with each step
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct method for teaching a client to use a cane when they have left-leg weakness is to maintain two points of support on the floor at all times. This approach ensures stability and helps the client maintain balance while using the cane. Choice A is incorrect because the cane should be used on the stronger side of the body to provide additional support. Choice B is incorrect as advancing the cane and the strong leg together may compromise stability. Choice D is incorrect as advancing the cane too far with each step can lead to imbalance and falls.
5. A healthcare provider is caring for a client who is receiving IV therapy via a peripheral catheter. The healthcare provider should identify that which of the following findings is an indication of infiltration?
- A. Redness at the infusion site
- B. Edema at the infusion site
- C. Warmth at the infusion site
- D. Oozing of blood at the infusion site
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Edema at the infusion site is an indication of infiltration, where fluid leaks into the surrounding tissues causing swelling. This can compromise the delivery of medication and fluids, potentially leading to complications. Redness, warmth, and oozing of blood are more suggestive of inflammation or infection rather than infiltration. Infiltration requires prompt recognition and intervention to prevent further issues with the IV therapy.
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