HESI RN
Community Health HESI 2023 Quizlet
1. The healthcare provider is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism. Which laboratory result requires immediate intervention?
- A. Serum calcium of 11 mg/dL.
- B. Serum phosphorus of 3 mg/dL.
- C. Serum magnesium of 1.8 mg/dL.
- D. Serum albumin of 4 g/dL.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A serum calcium level of 11 mg/dL indicates hypercalcemia, which can be a complication of hyperparathyroidism and requires immediate intervention. Hypercalcemia can lead to serious complications such as cardiac dysrhythmias, renal failure, and neurologic symptoms. Monitoring and managing serum calcium levels are crucial in clients with hyperparathyroidism. Serum phosphorus, magnesium, and albumin levels are important to assess in clients with hyperparathyroidism, but they do not require immediate intervention as hypercalcemia poses a more urgent risk.
2. Which bioterrorism agent is at high risk for use as a potential biological weapon that is readily transmitted by several portals of entry?
- A. anthrax
- B. smallpox
- C. botulism
- D. tularemia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Anthrax is the correct answer. Anthrax spores can be transmitted through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact, making it a high-risk agent for bioterrorism. Smallpox, botulism, and tularemia are also potential bioterrorism agents, but they do not have the same versatility in terms of multiple portals of entry, unlike anthrax.
3. While assessing a client receiving a blood transfusion, which finding requires immediate intervention?
- A. Temperature of 100.4°F (38°C).
- B. Blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg.
- C. Heart rate of 90 beats per minute.
- D. Complaints of feeling cold.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A heart rate of 90 beats per minute requires immediate intervention when assessing a client receiving a blood transfusion. This finding can indicate a potential transfusion reaction, such as a hemolytic reaction or fluid overload, which requires prompt evaluation and management to prevent serious complications. While a temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) may indicate a mild fever, it is not typically an immediate concern during a blood transfusion. A blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg is within the normal range and does not necessitate immediate intervention. Complaints of feeling cold can be addressed but do not indicate an urgent need for intervention compared to the critical nature of a potential transfusion reaction indicated by an elevated heart rate.
4. A public health nurse is working with a community to improve access to mental health services. Which intervention is most likely to be effective?
- A. Setting up mental health clinics in accessible locations
- B. Distributing flyers with information about mental health services
- C. Offering transportation vouchers for mental health appointments
- D. Partnering with local businesses to promote mental health
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Setting up mental health clinics in accessible locations. This intervention is the most effective as it directly addresses the issue of access to mental health services by physically bringing the services closer to the community members. Distributing flyers (choice B) may raise awareness but does not guarantee improved access. Offering transportation vouchers (choice C) helps with transportation but does not address the primary issue of service availability. Partnering with local businesses (choice D) may help promote mental health awareness but does not ensure improved access to services like setting up clinics in accessible locations.
5. A client with a history of alcohol abuse is admitted with acute pancreatitis. Which laboratory result requires immediate intervention?
- A. Amylase of 120 U/L.
- B. Lipase of 150 U/L.
- C. Calcium of 8.5 mg/dL.
- D. Blood glucose of 250 mg/dL.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Blood glucose of 250 mg/dL.' In a client with acute pancreatitis, elevated blood glucose levels can indicate poor control of diabetes or stress response from the acute illness. Immediate intervention is necessary to prevent complications like worsening pancreatitis, infections, or other metabolic issues. Choices A and B, 'Amylase of 120 U/L' and 'Lipase of 150 U/L,' are commonly elevated in pancreatitis but do not require immediate intervention unless significantly elevated. Choice C, 'Calcium of 8.5 mg/dL,' is within the normal range and not a priority in this scenario.
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