Nursing Elites

1. What is the basis of MyPlate food guidance?

• A. Percentage of calories from each macronutrient.
• B. Exchange Lists for Meal Planning.
• C. Appropriate amounts of food from each food group.
• D. Amounts of macronutrients and micronutrients.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Appropriate amounts of food from each food group.' MyPlate food guidance focuses on portion sizes from different food groups to promote a balanced diet. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because MyPlate emphasizes the consumption of a variety of foods from different food groups rather than focusing solely on macronutrient percentages, exchange lists, or specific nutrient amounts.

2. Which chain length of fatty acids is most water-soluble and easily absorbed into the bloodstream?

• A. Very long.
• B. Long.
• C. Medium.
• D. Short.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Short-chain fatty acids are the most water-soluble and are more easily absorbed into the bloodstream. Very long, long, and medium-chain fatty acids are less water-soluble and are absorbed at a slower rate compared to short-chain fatty acids. Therefore, the correct answer is D.

3. How is the enzyme trypsin activated?

• A. By zymogen.
• B. By bile.
• C. By gastrin.
• D. By enterokinase.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: By enterokinase. Trypsin is activated by enterokinase, an enzyme secreted by the small intestine. Enterokinase plays a crucial role in converting trypsinogen into its active form, trypsin. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because trypsin is specifically activated by enterokinase, not by zymogen, bile, or gastrin.

4. How many amino acids are considered indispensable or essential?

• A. 9
• B. 10
• C. 12
• D. 14

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 9. Nine amino acids are considered essential or indispensable because they cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained through the diet. These amino acids include histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as the number of essential amino acids is specifically 9, as they are crucial for various bodily functions.

5. Where are sugar alcohols most likely to be found?

• A. Fermented foods.
• B. Low-calorie foods.
• C. Fruits and vegetables.
• D. Fiber supplements.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Sugar alcohols are commonly found in low-calorie foods as sweetening agents without the calorie content of regular sugars. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because sugar alcohols are not typically found in fermented foods, fruits, vegetables, or fiber supplements. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

Similar Questions