Nursing Elites

1. A high blood cholesterol level appears to be associated with the development of:

• A. chronic kidney disease.
• B. coronary heart disease.
• C. Alzheimer’s disease.
• D. Addison’s disease.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A high blood cholesterol level is associated with an increased risk of developing coronary heart disease. Elevated cholesterol levels can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as high blood cholesterol is not primarily linked to chronic kidney disease, Alzheimer’s disease, or Addison’s disease.

2. A food choice equivalent to one serving from the Grains group of MyPlate is:

• A. one slice of bread
• B. 2 cups of rice
• C. 3 cups of spaghetti
• D. 4 oz of ready-to-eat cereal

Correct answer: A

Rationale: One slice of bread is a standard serving from the Grains group in MyPlate. This choice aligns with the recommended portion size for grains. Choices B, C, and D are excessive portions that do not represent a single serving according to MyPlate guidelines. 2 cups of rice, 3 cups of spaghetti, and 4 oz of ready-to-eat cereal exceed the standard serving size for grains and would provide more than one serving from this food group.

3. Which of the following is an example of a disaccharide?

• A. Glucose.
• B. Fructose.
• C. Galactose.
• D. Maltose.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Maltose. A disaccharide is formed when two monosaccharides are joined together. Glucose, fructose, and galactose are all monosaccharides, not disaccharides. Therefore, they are not examples of disaccharides.

4. How many amino acids are considered indispensable or essential?

• A. 9
• B. 10
• C. 12
• D. 14

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 9. Nine amino acids are considered essential or indispensable because they cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained through the diet. These amino acids include histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as the number of essential amino acids is specifically 9, as they are crucial for various bodily functions.

5. Nutrients interact in the body to regulate metabolic processes, build and repair tissue, and to:

• A. provide energy.
• B. control cellular wastes.
• C. control hormone levels.
• D. regulate absorption.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: provide energy. Nutrients play a crucial role in providing energy for the body's various functions. While they do help in regulating metabolic processes and in building and repairing tissue, the primary function related to energy production. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as nutrients are not primarily responsible for controlling cellular wastes, hormone levels, or absorption.

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