Nursing Elites

1. In the year 1980, the World Health Organization declared the Philippines, along with some other countries in the Western Pacific Region, 'free' of which disease?

• A. Pneumonic plague
• B. Poliomyelitis
• C. Smallpox
• D. Anthrax

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Smallpox. The World Health Organization declared the Philippines, along with other countries in the Western Pacific Region, 'free' of Smallpox in 1980. The last documented case of Smallpox worldwide was in 1977 in Somalia, leading to the global eradication of the disease.

2. Which of the following is a key principle of Primary Health Care (PHC)?

• A. Centralized health planning
• B. Community participation
• C. Focus on specialized care
• D. High technology healthcare

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Community participation is a fundamental principle of Primary Health Care (PHC) as it involves the active involvement of individuals, families, communities, and organizations in the planning and delivery of healthcare services. This ensures that services are culturally appropriate, accessible, and acceptable to the community, leading to better health outcomes.

3. What other statistic may be used to determine attainment of longevity besides reaching the average life span of Filipinos?

• A. Age-specific mortality rate
• B. Proportionate mortality rate
• C. Swaroop’s index
• D. Case fatality rate

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Swaroop’s index is a useful statistic to determine attainment of longevity as it focuses on the percentage of deaths aged 50 years or older. Its inverse reflects the percentage of untimely deaths, which are those who died younger than 50 years. By considering Swaroop’s index in addition to average life span, a more comprehensive assessment of longevity can be achieved.

4. Tertiary prevention is needed in which stage of the natural history of disease?

• A. Pre-pathogenesis
• B. Pathogenesis
• C. Predromal
• D. Terminal

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on actions taken to prevent complications and further deterioration among individuals already diagnosed with a disease. It is implemented during the terminal stage of a disease when efforts are made to prevent disability, restore function, and improve quality of life. This stage is crucial for managing the disease's progression and enhancing the patient's well-being.

5. What is the primary focus of community health nursing?

• A. Individual patient care
• B. Hospital-based care
• C. Community-wide health promotion and disease prevention
• D. Specialized medical treatment

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Community health nursing primarily concentrates on promoting health and preventing diseases within the community. It involves working with the community as a whole to improve health outcomes and prevent illnesses through education, interventions, and collaborations. This approach differs from individual patient care, hospital-based services, or specialized medical treatments, as it aims to enhance the well-being of the entire community by addressing broader health issues and promoting preventive measures.

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