HESI RN
Evolve HESI Medical Surgical Practice Exam Quizlet
1. A young adult client, admitted to the Emergency Department following a motor vehicle collision, is transfused with 4 units of PRBCs (packed red blood cells). The client's pretransfusion hematocrit is 17%. Which hematocrit value should the nurse expect the client to have after all the PRBCs have been transfused?
- A. 0.19
- B. 0.09
- C. 0.39
- D. 0.29
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The expected increase in hematocrit after transfusion is approximately 3% per unit of PRBCs. Since the client received 4 units, the expected increase would be 4 x 3% = 12%. Therefore, adding this to the pretransfusion hematocrit of 17% would result in an expected post-transfusion hematocrit of 29%. Choice A (0.19) is incorrect as it doesn't consider the incremental increase per unit of PRBCs. Choices B (0.09) and C (0.39) are also incorrect as they do not align with the expected increase in hematocrit following the transfusion of 4 units of PRBCs.
2. The healthcare provider is caring for a client with diabetes insipidus. Which finding indicates that the treatment is effective?
- A. Urine output is decreased.
- B. Thirst is decreased.
- C. Weight loss is observed.
- D. Urine specific gravity is within the normal range.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In diabetes insipidus, the body loses excessive amounts of water, leading to diluted urine with low specific gravity. Therefore, when the urine specific gravity is within the normal range, it indicates that the kidneys are properly concentrating urine, which is a sign of effective treatment for diabetes insipidus. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because in diabetes insipidus, there is polyuria (excessive urination), persistent thirst due to fluid loss, and potential weight loss due to fluid imbalance, so these findings would not indicate effective treatment.
3. Amniocentesis deals with patterns of ______ in the amniotic fluid.
- A. Fingers
- B. DNA
- C. Chromosomes
- D. Proteins
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Amniocentesis is a prenatal test that involves examining chromosomes in the amniotic fluid to detect genetic abnormalities. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Chromosomes.' The other choices, such as 'Fingers,' 'DNA,' and 'Proteins,' do not accurately represent what is analyzed during an amniocentesis procedure and are unrelated to the genetic information obtained through this test.
4. Respect in reproductive health care involves:
- A. Talking to patients politely and managing their care compassionately and non-judgmentally.
- B. Ensuring that all patients sign a consent form.
- C. Ignoring patient requests for privacy.
- D. Disregarding patient concerns during care.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Respect in reproductive health care entails treating patients with politeness, compassion, and without judgment. Choice A is the correct answer as it aligns with the principles of respect and patient-centered care. It is essential to communicate respectfully, show compassion, and address patients' needs without passing judgment. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Ensuring consent through a form is important but not the sole aspect of respect. Ignoring patient requests for privacy goes against patient rights, and disregarding patient concerns is contrary to providing comprehensive care.
5. A 17-year-old adolescent reports flu-like symptoms and is brought to the emergency room. What intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. Assess the client's temperature.
- B. Place a mask on the client.
- C. Obtain a chest X-ray per protocol.
- D. Determine the client's blood pressure.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to place a mask on the client. This intervention is crucial in preventing the spread of infections like the flu, especially in a healthcare setting where the risk of transmission is high. Assessing the client's temperature (Choice A) can be important but is not the priority in this situation. Obtaining a chest X-ray (Choice C) and determining the client's blood pressure (Choice D) are not the immediate interventions needed for a 17-year-old reporting flu-like symptoms.