ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Maternal Newborn
1. A nurse providing dietary teaching for a client who is at 29 weeks of gestation and has phenylketonuria. Which of the following suggested foods should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. A peanut butter sandwich on wheat bread
- B. A sliced apple and red grapes
- C. A chocolate chip cookie with a glass of skim milk
- D. A scrambled egg with cheddar cheese
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Clients with phenylketonuria (PKU) must adhere to a strict low-phenylalanine diet to prevent neurological damage. Foods high in phenylalanine such as peanut butter, wheat bread, chocolate chip cookies, milk, scrambled eggs, and cheddar cheese should be avoided. Sliced apples and red grapes are low in phenylalanine, making them safe choices for individuals with PKU. Choice A (peanut butter sandwich on wheat bread), Choice C (chocolate chip cookie with a glass of skim milk), and Choice D (scrambled egg with cheddar cheese) are all high in phenylalanine and should be avoided by individuals with PKU.
2. The healthcare provider assesses the vital signs of a 12-month-old infant with a respiratory infection and notes that the respiratory rate is 35 breaths/minute. Based on this finding, which action is most appropriate?
- A. Administer oxygen
- B. Document the findings
- C. Notify the healthcare provider
- D. Reassess the respiratory rate in 15 minutes
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Documenting the findings is the most appropriate action since a respiratory rate of 35 breaths per minute falls within the normal range for a 12-month-old infant. There is no immediate need for interventions such as administering oxygen or notifying the healthcare provider. Reassessing the respiratory rate in 15 minutes is unnecessary as the rate is within normal limits.
3. Which of the following is a benefit of providing Vitamin A supplements to children?
- A. Improves cognitive development
- B. Reduces the risk of severe measles
- C. Prevents iron deficiency anemia
- D. Enhances physical growth
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct benefit of providing Vitamin A supplements to children is reducing the risk of severe measles. Vitamin A supplementation is known to lower the risk of severe measles and its associated complications, making it an important intervention in regions where measles is prevalent.
4. What instruction should be provided to a client with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) who is prescribed nitroglycerin?
- A. Take nitroglycerin with food to avoid stomach upset.
- B. Store nitroglycerin tablets in a dark, glass container.
- C. Swallow nitroglycerin tablets whole without chewing.
- D. Discontinue the medication if a headache occurs.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is a medication that should be stored in a dark, glass container to protect it from light and moisture. Exposure to light and moisture can reduce its effectiveness. Storing it in a dark, glass container helps maintain the medication's stability and potency, ensuring that it remains safe and effective for use in emergencies, such as angina attacks.
5. What process is required for population-focused nursing practice?
- A. Community organizing
- B. Nursing process
- C. Community diagnosis
- D. Epidemiologic process
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Population-focused nursing practice involves identifying and addressing the health needs of a specific population group. Community diagnosis is a crucial process in population-focused nursing as it helps in understanding the health issues, concerns, and determinants within a community. Through community diagnosis, nurses can develop targeted interventions and strategies to promote the health and well-being of the population.
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