ATI LPN
LPN Nursing Fundamentals
1. A client with a new diagnosis of pancreatitis is being taught about dietary management. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should increase your intake of high-fat foods.
- B. You should decrease your intake of high-fat foods.
- C. You should avoid foods that contain lactose.
- D. You should increase your intake of dairy products.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct statement the nurse should include in teaching a client with pancreatitis is to decrease the intake of high-fat foods. This dietary modification is crucial in managing symptoms and preventing exacerbations of pancreatitis. High-fat foods can put a strain on the pancreas, potentially leading to further complications. Choice A is incorrect because increasing intake of high-fat foods can worsen pancreatitis. Choice C is unrelated to pancreatitis management, as lactose intolerance is not directly linked to pancreatitis. Choice D is also incorrect, as increasing dairy product intake may not be suitable for all individuals with pancreatitis due to the fat content in many dairy products.
2. A healthcare professional is assessing a client for signs of dehydration. Which of the following should the healthcare professional look for?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Dry mucous membranes
- C. Decreased urination
- D. Both B and C
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Signs of dehydration include dry mucous membranes and decreased urination, among other symptoms. Bradycardia is not a typical sign of dehydration; instead, tachycardia (increased heart rate) is more commonly associated with dehydration. Therefore, option A is incorrect. While dry mucous membranes and decreased urination are indicative of dehydration, selecting only one of these symptoms would not provide a comprehensive assessment. Hence, option D, which includes both dry mucous membranes and decreased urination, is the correct choice.
3. A nurse provides medication instructions to a first-time mother. Which statement made by the mother indicates a need for further instructions?
- A. I should mix the medication in the baby food and give it when I feed the child
- B. I should administer the oral medication sitting in an upright position and with the head elevated
- C. I will give my child a toy after giving the medication
- D. I will offer my child a juice drink after swallowing the medication
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Mixing medication in baby food is not recommended as it can alter the taste and the child may refuse food.
4. A healthcare professional is reviewing the plan of care for a client following a total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following procedural plans is the healthcare professional following?
- A. patient classification categories
- B. diagnostic related groups
- C. Care map / clinical practice guideline
- D. functional nursing
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A care map or clinical practice guideline is a standardized plan of care that outlines the recommended interventions and treatments for patients with a specific condition. In this scenario, following a total hip arthroplasty, healthcare professionals typically refer to a care map or clinical practice guideline to ensure the patient receives appropriate care based on evidence-based practices and standards. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect in this context. Patient classification categories refer to grouping patients based on care needs, diagnostic related groups are used for billing purposes, and functional nursing is a care delivery system that assigns specific tasks to nursing personnel.
5. A nurse is planning care for a client who has a chest tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure proper functioning of the chest tube?
- A. Clamp the chest tube intermittently.
- B. Keep the drainage system below chest level.
- C. Empty the drainage chamber every 4 hours.
- D. Apply sterile gauze around the insertion site daily.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: To ensure proper functioning of a chest tube, the nurse should keep the drainage system below chest level. This position allows for proper drainage by gravity and prevents backflow into the pleural space. Clamping the chest tube intermittently can lead to a buildup of pressure and should be avoided. Emptying the drainage chamber every 4 hours is important but not directly related to maintaining the chest tube's function. Applying sterile gauze around the insertion site daily is essential for infection prevention but does not specifically ensure the proper functioning of the chest tube.
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