ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing
1. What is the primary purpose of therapeutic communication in healthcare?
- A. To gather client information.
- B. To provide client education.
- C. To establish a therapeutic relationship.
- D. To document client care.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The primary purpose of therapeutic communication in healthcare is to establish a therapeutic relationship between the healthcare provider and the client. Through effective communication, trust, empathy, and understanding can be fostered, which are essential for providing quality care and promoting positive health outcomes. Building a therapeutic relationship enhances patient satisfaction, improves adherence to treatment plans, and increases the likelihood of successful health outcomes.
2. When teaching a client about the proper use of a cane, which of the following instructions should be included?
- A. Hold the cane on the weaker side.
- B. Move the cane forward first.
- C. Keep the cane 12 inches away from the body.
- D. Use the cane for support only when climbing stairs.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When using a cane, it is crucial to move the cane forward first to provide support and enhance balance. Advancing the cane before the weaker or stronger leg helps widen the base of support, thereby improving stability during ambulation. Keeping the cane too far or too close to the body can affect its supportive function. Moreover, utilizing the cane solely for stair climbing limits its overall utility in maintaining balance and stability during regular walking.
3. A client with a new diagnosis of diverticulitis is being taught dietary management by a healthcare provider. Which of the following statements should the provider include in the teaching?
- A. You should increase your intake of high-fiber foods.
- B. You should avoid foods that contain lactose.
- C. You should decrease your intake of high-fiber foods.
- D. You should increase your intake of dairy products.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Increasing intake of high-fiber foods is essential in managing diverticulitis as it promotes regular bowel movements and prevents constipation, reducing the risk of complications and improving overall digestive health. Choice B is incorrect because lactose intolerance is different from diverticulitis and avoiding lactose is not a standard recommendation for diverticulitis. Choice C is incorrect as decreasing high-fiber foods would be counterproductive for managing diverticulitis. Choice D is wrong because increasing dairy products is not a primary dietary recommendation for diverticulitis management.
4. Which of the following techniques should be used to insert an indwelling urinary catheter for a female client?
- A. Use sterile technique.
- B. Insert the catheter 2-3 inches into the urethra.
- C. Inflate the balloon after insertion.
- D. Lubricate the catheter tip before insertion.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Lubricating the catheter tip before insertion is crucial for female urinary catheterization. This step helps reduce discomfort for the patient and facilitates smooth catheter insertion into the urethra. Using sterile technique maintains asepsis during the procedure, inserting the catheter 2-3 inches ensures proper placement, and inflating the balloon after insertion secures the catheter in place without causing trauma. Proper technique is fundamental for patient comfort, preventing infection, and ensuring the success of the catheterization procedure.
5. When teaching a client with a new diagnosis of hypertension about medication adherence, which statement should the nurse include?
- A. You can stop taking your medication once your blood pressure is normal.
- B. You should take your medication at the same time every day.
- C. You can double your dose if you miss a dose.
- D. You should take your medication with a high-fat meal.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'You should take your medication at the same time every day.' Taking medication consistently at the same time daily is crucial for maintaining steady blood levels and effectively managing hypertension. It helps ensure that the medication works optimally and provides the best control of blood pressure throughout the day. Choice A is incorrect because stopping medication once blood pressure is normal can lead to a relapse or worsening of hypertension. Choice C is incorrect as doubling the dose without healthcare provider guidance can be dangerous. Choice D is incorrect as taking medication with a high-fat meal can affect its absorption and efficacy.
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