ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 A with NGN
1. When teaching a client about the use of risperidone, which of the following should be included?
- A. It is an SSRI
- B. Monitor for metabolic syndrome
- C. It has no side effects
- D. It can be taken with alcohol
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Monitor for metabolic syndrome.' Risperidone is not an SSRI but an atypical antipsychotic. Choice A is incorrect. Choice C is also incorrect as risperidone, like any medication, can have side effects. Choice D is wrong because alcohol consumption should generally be avoided while taking risperidone. Educating clients about monitoring for metabolic syndrome, weight gain, and other potential side effects is crucial in managing their health effectively while on this medication.
2. During newborn gestational age assessment, which finding should be recorded as part of this assessment on the newborn?
- A. Acrocyanosis of hands and feet
- B. Anterior fontanel soft and level
- C. Plantar creases cover 2/3 of sole
- D. Vernix caseosa in inguinal creases
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Plantar creases covering 2/3 of the sole is an important physical characteristic used to assess gestational age in a newborn. This finding is significant because as gestational age advances, the plantar creases cover a larger portion of the sole. It is a valuable clue to the healthcare provider in determining the newborn's maturity level. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not specifically relate to gestational age assessment. Acrocyanosis and vernix caseosa are common findings in newborns but are not directly used for determining gestational age. The softness and level of the anterior fontanel can provide information about intracranial pressure but are not directly related to gestational age assessment.
3. Which patient would be appropriately transferred to an assisted living facility?
- A. The patient requiring ongoing skilled nursing observation
- B. The patient who has recovered enough to return to work and daily life
- C. The child who was burned in a fire after losing both parents to the tragedy
- D. The patient who needs minimal assistance in performing activities of daily living but cannot live alone
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Patients suitable for transfer to assisted living facilities are those who require minimal assistance with activities of daily living but do not need constant skilled nursing observation. Option D aligns with the purpose of an assisted living facility, which provides support for individuals who can no longer live independently but do not require intensive medical care. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because patients requiring ongoing skilled nursing observation, those who have recovered enough to return to work and daily life, and children who have experienced a traumatic event such as a fire are not typically candidates for assisted living facilities.
4. What is the most important intervention to decrease the stressors of hospitalization for a 9-month-old infant being treated for a bacterial infection?
- A. Encourage the infant's parents to remain at the bedside and actively participate in the infant's care.
- B. Provide a brightly lit environment for the infant.
- C. Play tapes of the mother's voice.
- D. Assign the same nurse to the infant as much as possible.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging the infant's parents to remain at the bedside and actively participate in the infant's care is crucial in decreasing the stressors of hospitalization for the infant. Parental presence provides comfort and security, promotes bonding, and maintains a sense of familiarity for the infant during a potentially stressful situation. This involvement can help reduce anxiety and promote better outcomes for the infant's emotional well-being and overall hospital experience. Providing a brightly lit environment (choice B) can actually increase stress for the infant, as infants generally prefer dimly lit environments for better sleep. Playing tapes of the mother's voice (choice C) may offer some comfort but does not substitute for parental presence. While assigning the same nurse to the infant (choice D) can provide continuity of care, it is not as effective as having the parents present for emotional support and bonding.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Administer oxygen at 2L/min via nasal cannula
- B. Encourage pursed-lip breathing
- C. Position the client in high Fowler's position
- D. Encourage deep breathing and coughing
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client with COPD is to encourage pursed-lip breathing. Pursed-lip breathing helps improve oxygenation by preventing airway collapse, slowing down the breathing rate, and promoting better gas exchange. Administering oxygen at 2L/min via nasal cannula is not the first-line intervention as it can cause oxygen toxicity in COPD patients. Positioning the client in high Fowler's position may improve ventilation but does not specifically address the breathing technique required for COPD. Encouraging deep breathing and coughing is generally not recommended for clients with COPD as it can lead to air trapping and increased work of breathing.
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