ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Pharmacology 1 Quiz
1. A client is being taught about the use of nitroglycerin. Which of the following should be included?
- A. Take it with food
- B. Place the tablet under the tongue
- C. It can be stored in the refrigerator
- D. It has no side effects
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to place the nitroglycerin tablet under the tongue. Nitroglycerin tablets are meant for sublingual absorption during angina episodes to provide quick relief. Option A is incorrect because nitroglycerin should not be taken with food. Option C is incorrect as nitroglycerin should be stored in a cool, dark place, not in the refrigerator. Option D is incorrect because nitroglycerin can have side effects, including headaches, dizziness, and low blood pressure.
2. After returning the client to bed following a cardiac catheterization procedure with the left femoral vessel as the access site, the nurse places a sign above the bed instructing the client to remain on bed rest and in which position?
- A. In semi-Fowler's position
- B. With the head of the bed elevated 45 degrees
- C. With the head of the bed elevated no more than 15 degrees
- D. With the foot of the bed elevated as much as tolerated by the client
Correct answer: C
Rationale: After cardiac catheterization via the femoral vessel, it is crucial to keep the head of the bed elevated no more than 15 degrees to prevent bleeding at the access site. This position helps maintain pressure on the femoral artery, reducing the risk of bleeding and complications post-procedure. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not provide the necessary pressure on the femoral artery to prevent bleeding, which is essential after a cardiac catheterization procedure with a femoral access site.
3. Which of the following is a mission of the Department of Health?
- A. Health for all Filipinos
- B. Ensure accessibility and quality of health
- C. Improve the general health status of the population
- D. Health in the hands of the Filipino people by the year 2020
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The mission of the Department of Health is to ensure the accessibility and quality of health services for the population. This encompasses providing healthcare services that are both easily reachable and of high standards to promote the well-being of the community.
4. A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted with hyperglycemia. Which laboratory result requires the most immediate intervention?
- A. Serum glucose of 350 mg/dL.
- B. Serum potassium of 2.8 mEq/L.
- C. Serum sodium of 136 mEq/L.
- D. Serum bicarbonate of 20 mEq/L.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A serum potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L is critically low and can cause cardiac arrhythmias, requiring immediate intervention. Hypokalemia is a life-threatening condition that needs prompt correction to prevent serious complications. High serum glucose levels (choice A) are a concern in diabetes but do not pose an immediate life-threatening risk compared to severe hypokalemia. Serum sodium (choice C) and serum bicarbonate levels (choice D) are within normal ranges and do not require immediate intervention.
5. A healthcare provider is preparing to transfer a client from a chair to the bed. The client can bear partial weight and has upper body strength. Which device should the healthcare provider use?
- A. A wheelchair
- B. A stand-assist lift
- C. A transfer belt
- D. A slide board
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A stand-assist lift is the most suitable device for transferring a client who can bear partial weight and has upper body strength. This device provides support and assistance for the client to stand up and transfer safely. Choice A, a wheelchair, is not designed for this purpose and is used for mobility. Choice C, a transfer belt, is helpful for providing stability during transfers but may not be sufficient for a client with partial weight-bearing. Choice D, a slide board, is more suitable for transferring clients who are unable to bear weight and need assistance for lateral transfers.
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