ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B with NGN
1. A client has a new prescription for levothyroxine. What should the nurse teach the client?
- A. It should be taken at night
- B. Monitor for symptoms of hypothyroidism
- C. Take it with calcium supplements
- D. Take it on an empty stomach
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to take levothyroxine on an empty stomach. This is because levothyroxine should be taken in the morning on an empty stomach to ensure proper absorption. Option A is incorrect because levothyroxine is usually advised to be taken in the morning. Option B is not the priority teaching point as monitoring for hypothyroidism symptoms is ongoing care. Option C is incorrect as levothyroxine should not be taken with calcium supplements as they can interfere with its absorption.
2. Which nutrient is essential for preventing anemia in pregnant women?
- A. Vitamin C
- B. Vitamin D
- C. Iron
- D. Calcium
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Iron is crucial for preventing anemia in pregnant women because it is needed for the production of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. During pregnancy, a woman's blood volume increases to support the baby's growth, making iron even more critical to prevent anemia, a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells. Anemia can lead to fatigue, weakness, and other complications for both the mother and the developing baby. Therefore, ensuring an adequate intake of iron-rich foods or supplements is vital for the health and well-being of pregnant women.
3. A client has a new prescription for levothyroxine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
- B. Take the medication with food.
- C. Take the medication at bedtime.
- D. Take the medication with an antacid.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Take the medication on an empty stomach.' Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach to ensure optimal absorption. Food, especially high-fiber foods, can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine. Taking it with an antacid or at bedtime may also affect its absorption. Instructing the client to take the medication on an empty stomach will help maintain consistent blood levels of levothyroxine. Choice B is incorrect as taking levothyroxine with food can reduce its absorption. Choice C is incorrect because taking levothyroxine at bedtime may lead to inconsistent blood levels due to food intake during the day. Choice D is incorrect as antacids can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine.
4. Which type of diabetes mellitus (DM) is most likely the result of heterogeneous risk factors, making it preventable?
- A. Type 1
- B. Type 2
- C. Type 1 and 2
- D. Gestational diabetes
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is most likely the result of heterogeneous risk factors, such as lifestyle choices and genetics, making it preventable. Type 1 diabetes, on the other hand, is an autoimmune condition that is not preventable. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and is not entirely preventable. Type 1 and 2 diabetes are distinct conditions, with Type 2 being the type associated with preventable risk factors.
5. The healthcare provider responds to an alarm on a pulse oximeter and sees that the patient's oxygen saturation is reading 38%. The provider observes the patient, noting a respiratory rate of 12 breaths per minute, pink mucous membranes, and easy regular respirations. The healthcare provider concludes that the pulse oximeter is not reading accurately. Whose theory of healthcare is this provider demonstrating?
- A. Annie Goodrich
- B. Lillian D. Wald
- C. Florence Nightingale
- D. Linda Richards
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Florence Nightingale emphasized the importance of assessing the patient's overall condition and not solely relying on technological readings. In this scenario, the healthcare provider's observation of the patient's respiratory rate, mucous membranes, and breathing pattern aligns with Nightingale's holistic approach to patient care. Annie Goodrich is known for her contributions to nursing education; Lillian D. Wald is associated with public health nursing and social reform; Linda Richards is recognized as America's first trained nurse. However, in this context, the emphasis is on the holistic patient assessment, which is a key principle of Florence Nightingale's theory.
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