Nursing Elites

1. A client reports difficulty sleeping at night, which interferes with daily functioning. Which intervention should the nurse suggest to this client?

• A. Avoid beverages containing caffeine
• B. Take a sleep medication regularly at bedtime
• C. Watch television for 30 minutes in bed to relax before falling asleep
• D. Advise the client to take several naps during the day

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid beverages containing caffeine. Caffeine is a stimulant that can interfere with sleep, making it difficult for the client to fall asleep at night. Taking sleep medication regularly (choice B) may not address the root cause of the sleep difficulty and can lead to dependency. Watching television in bed (choice C) can actually stimulate the brain and hinder relaxation before sleep. Advising the client to take several naps during the day (choice D) can disrupt the sleep-wake cycle further. Therefore, recommending the avoidance of caffeine-containing beverages is the most appropriate intervention to help the client improve their ability to sleep at night and function better during the day.

2. A healthcare professional is assessing a client who has fluid volume overload. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional expect?

• A. Hypotension.
• B. Bradycardia.
• C. Crackles in the lungs.
• D. Flat neck veins.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Crackles in the lungs are a classic sign of fluid volume overload. When there is an excess of fluid in the lungs, it can manifest as crackling sounds upon auscultation. This finding indicates the accumulation of fluid in the alveoli and interstitial spaces of the lungs, which is a common manifestation of fluid volume overload.

3. Prior to administering a blood transfusion, what should the healthcare professional do first?

• A. Prime the IV tubing with normal saline.
• B. Verify the client's identity.
• C. Obtain the blood product from the blood bank.
• D. Check the client's vital signs.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Verifying the client's identity is the essential initial step before administering a blood transfusion. This action is crucial to confirm that the correct blood product is being administered to the right client, thereby preventing any potential errors or adverse reactions. Ensuring patient safety is paramount in healthcare, and verifying the client's identity is a fundamental safety measure that should always be prioritized.

4. Which of the following dietary modifications should be recommended to a client with hypertension?

• A. Increase sodium intake.
• B. Reduce potassium intake.
• C. Increase fiber intake.
• D. Reduce calcium intake.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Increasing fiber intake is a beneficial dietary modification for clients with hypertension. Fiber helps in reducing blood pressure and improving cardiovascular health by promoting better digestion and regulating cholesterol levels. Therefore, advising a client with hypertension to increase fiber intake can be beneficial for their overall health. In contrast, increasing sodium intake can lead to higher blood pressure, reducing potassium intake is not recommended as potassium helps in regulating blood pressure, and reducing calcium intake is not typically necessary for hypertension management.

5. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer medications to a client who has an NG tube for continuous feedings. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take?

• A. Add crushed medications to the enteral feeding.
• B. Infuse each medication by gravity.
• C. Administer the medications through a syringe.
• D. Flush the NG tube with 5 mL of sterile water.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Administering medications through a syringe is the correct action to take when a client has an NG tube for continuous feedings. This method ensures that each medication is delivered correctly and is not mixed with the enteral feeding, preventing drug interactions and ensuring proper administration of each medication. Adding crushed medications to the enteral feeding (Choice A) can lead to inaccurate dosing and potential drug interactions. Infusing each medication by gravity (Choice B) is not recommended as it may not ensure accurate delivery of the medication. Flushing the NG tube with sterile water (Choice D) is important but is not directly related to administering medications through the tube.

Similar Questions