ATI LPN
ATI Maternal Newborn Proctored
1. A client at 36 weeks of gestation is suspected of having placenta previa. Which of the following findings support this diagnosis?
- A. Painless red vaginal bleeding
- B. Increasing abdominal pain with a non-relaxed uterus
- C. Abdominal pain with scant red vaginal bleeding
- D. Intermittent abdominal pain following the passage of bloody mucus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Painless red vaginal bleeding is a hallmark sign of placenta previa. In this condition, the placenta partially or completely covers the cervical opening, leading to painless, bright red bleeding due to the separation of the placenta from the uterine wall. Other types of bleeding, such as those associated with abdominal pain or mucus passage, are more indicative of conditions like placental abruption rather than placenta previa. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they describe findings more consistent with placental abruption rather than placenta previa.
2. The healthcare professional is caring for a client with a chest tube following a thoracotomy. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
- A. Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber.
- B. Serosanguineous drainage in the collection chamber.
- C. Intermittent bubbling in the suction control chamber.
- D. Chest tube secured to the client's chest wall.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber indicates an air leak, which requires immediate intervention to prevent complications such as pneumothorax. An air leak can lead to ineffective lung expansion, respiratory distress, and compromised gas exchange. Therefore, prompt action is necessary to maintain the integrity of the closed drainage system and prevent further complications. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because serosanguineous drainage is an expected finding post-thoracotomy, intermittent bubbling in the suction control chamber is normal, and having the chest tube secured to the client's chest wall is essential for stability and proper functioning.
3. When does the onset of type 2 diabetes typically occur?
- A. Occurs after pubertal onset in the majority of cases
- B. Occurs due to parental financial status
- C. Occurs in childhood
- D. Occurs after giving birth
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The onset of type 2 diabetes typically occurs after pubertal onset. It is more commonly diagnosed in adulthood, although it can also develop in younger individuals. Factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and obesity play a significant role in the development of type 2 diabetes.
4. A client with a new diagnosis of hypertension is being taught about lifestyle changes. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should limit your alcohol intake to no more than one drink per day.
- B. You should increase your sodium intake to at least 2,300 mg per day.
- C. You should limit your physical activity to avoid increasing your blood pressure.
- D. You should avoid eating dairy products to help lower your blood pressure.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct statement to include in teaching a client with hypertension is to limit alcohol intake to no more than one drink per day. Excessive alcohol consumption can raise blood pressure and lead to complications. Increasing sodium intake, limiting physical activity, and avoiding dairy products are not recommended for managing hypertension. Clients with hypertension should follow a heart-healthy diet low in sodium, engage in regular physical activity, and monitor their blood pressure regularly to control hypertension effectively.
5. A client with left-leg weakness is learning to use a cane. Which teaching point is most appropriate?
- A. Use the cane on the weaker side of the body
- B. Maintain two points of support on the ground at all times
- C. Advance the cane 30 to 45 cm with each step
- D. Advance the cane and the strong leg simultaneously
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct teaching point is to maintain two points of support on the ground at all times when using a cane. This ensures stability and helps distribute weight evenly. Choice A is incorrect because the cane should be used on the stronger side of the body to provide support to the weaker leg. Choice C is incorrect as advancing the cane too far with each step can lead to imbalance. Choice D is incorrect as advancing the cane and the strong leg simultaneously may not provide adequate support for the weaker leg.
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