ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023
1. A client with schizophrenia is experiencing auditory hallucinations. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Encourage the client to lie down in a quiet room.
- B. Ask the client directly what they are hearing.
- C. Tell the client that the voices are not real.
- D. Provide headphones for the client to listen to music.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when caring for a client with schizophrenia experiencing auditory hallucinations is to ask the client directly what they are hearing. This approach helps the nurse gain insight into the client's experience, establish effective communication, and provide appropriate support. Encouraging the client to lie down in a quiet room (Choice A) may not address the hallucinations directly. Telling the client that the voices are not real (Choice C) can be invalidating and may lead to further distress. Providing headphones for music (Choice D) may not be effective in addressing the client's hallucinations.
2. A client is prescribed tramadol for pain management. Which of the following should the nurse educate the client about?
- A. It is a non-opioid analgesic
- B. It can cause sedation
- C. It has no risk for dependence
- D. It can be taken as needed
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Tramadol can cause sedation, so the nurse should educate the client about this potential side effect. Choice A is incorrect because tramadol is actually an opioid analgesic. Choice C is incorrect as tramadol does carry a risk for dependence, especially with prolonged use. Choice D is not entirely accurate as tramadol is usually prescribed on a scheduled basis rather than as needed.
3. Which of the following sandwiches is high in saturated fatty acids?
- A. Tuna salad
- B. Grilled cheese
- C. Turkey and sprouts
- D. Peanut butter and jelly
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Grilled cheese because it is high in saturated fatty acids due to the dairy fat content in cheese. Tuna salad, turkey and sprouts, and peanut butter and jelly do not contain as high levels of saturated fatty acids as grilled cheese. Tuna salad typically contains mayonnaise which may contribute to some saturated fat content, but it is generally lower compared to the cheese in grilled cheese. Turkey and sprouts are leaner options, while peanut butter and jelly are higher in unsaturated fats rather than saturated fats.
4. The client is receiving heparin therapy for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which lab test should be monitored to evaluate the effectiveness of heparin?
- A. Prothrombin time (PT)
- B. International normalized ratio (INR)
- C. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
- D. Fibrinogen levels
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is the appropriate lab test to monitor the therapeutic effectiveness of heparin therapy. Heparin affects the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade, and monitoring aPTT helps ensure the client is within the therapeutic range to prevent clot formation. Prothrombin time (PT) and International normalized ratio (INR) are used to monitor warfarin therapy, a different anticoagulant that affects the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade. Fibrinogen levels are not specific to monitoring heparin therapy.
5. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a newborn who is 24 hours old. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Hemoglobin 12 g/dL
- B. Glucose 50 mg/dL
- C. Bilirubin 4 mg/dL
- D. Platelets 200,000/mm³
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bilirubin 4 mg/dL. A bilirubin level of 4 mg/dL is elevated for a newborn and requires monitoring and potential intervention to prevent complications such as jaundice and kernicterus. Elevated bilirubin levels in newborns can lead to serious neurological consequences. Choices A, B, and D are within normal ranges for a newborn and do not require immediate reporting to the provider. Therefore, the nurse should prioritize reporting the elevated bilirubin level to the provider for further evaluation and management.
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