ATI LPN
ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet
1. During an assessment, a healthcare professional suspects a client has cholecystitis. What is a common symptom of this condition?
- A. Right upper quadrant pain
- B. Left lower quadrant pain
- C. Generalized abdominal pain
- D. Epigastric pain
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Right upper quadrant pain is a hallmark symptom of cholecystitis, indicating inflammation of the gallbladder. The gallbladder is typically located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, so pain in this area is characteristic of cholecystitis. This pain may be sharp or cramp-like and can be accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and fever. Left lower quadrant pain (choice B) is more commonly associated with diverticulitis, generalized abdominal pain (choice C) can be seen in various conditions, and epigastric pain (choice D) is typically related to issues in the upper central part of the abdomen, such as gastritis or peptic ulcers, rather than cholecystitis.
2. What health promotion teaching should prioritize to prevent drug-induced hepatitis?
- A. Finish all prescribed courses of antibiotics, regardless of symptom resolution
- B. Adhere to dosing recommendations of over-the-counter analgesics
- C. Ensure that expired medications are disposed of safely
- D. Ensure that pharmacists regularly review drug regimens for potential interactions
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Adhering to dosing recommendations of over-the-counter analgesics is crucial in preventing drug-induced hepatitis. Overdosing on analgesics can lead to liver damage, making it essential to follow the recommended dosages to reduce the risk of hepatotoxicity.
3. What is the priority intervention when managing a client with delirium?
- A. Administer antipsychotic medication to calm the client
- B. Identify any reversible causes of delirium
- C. Provide a low-stimulation environment
- D. Administer sedative medication to control agitation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to identify any reversible causes of delirium. Delirium is often caused by underlying issues such as infections, medication side effects, or metabolic imbalances. Addressing these root causes can help resolve delirium more effectively. Administering antipsychotic or sedative medications should not be the initial approach as they can worsen delirium in some cases. Providing a low-stimulation environment is beneficial but not the priority when reversible causes need to be addressed first.
4. A nurse is teaching a client with gestational diabetes about blood sugar control. Which of the following statements indicates understanding?
- A. I should test my blood sugar before each meal.
- B. I can eat any foods as long as I take my insulin.
- C. I should avoid all carbohydrates in my diet.
- D. I will only need to monitor my blood sugar at bedtime.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'I should test my blood sugar before each meal.' Monitoring blood sugar before meals is crucial for managing gestational diabetes as it helps in understanding how different foods affect blood sugar levels and adjusting insulin doses accordingly. Choice B is incorrect as food choices should be monitored carefully, not just relying on insulin. Choice C is incorrect because while it is important to manage carbohydrate intake, completely avoiding all carbohydrates is not recommended. Choice D is incorrect as blood sugar monitoring throughout the day is essential, not just at bedtime, to ensure proper control and management of gestational diabetes.
5. What are the risk factors for developing hypertension?
- A. High sodium diet and lack of physical activity
- B. Low potassium intake and excessive alcohol consumption
- C. Frequent exercise and low cholesterol diet
- D. Smoking and family history
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: High sodium diet and lack of physical activity. These are established risk factors for developing hypertension as they contribute to elevated blood pressure. Choice B, low potassium intake and excessive alcohol consumption, may also impact blood pressure but are not as strongly associated with hypertension as high sodium intake and lack of physical activity. Choice C, frequent exercise and a low cholesterol diet, are actually beneficial for reducing the risk of hypertension. Choice D, smoking and family history, are more closely linked to other health conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, rather than being primary risk factors for hypertension.
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