ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment B Quizlet
1. When assessing a client with a small bowel obstruction, what finding should a nurse expect?
- A. Significant abdominal distention
- B. Large bowel movements
- C. High-pitched bowel sounds
- D. Copious vomiting
Correct answer: C
Rationale: High-pitched bowel sounds are often heard early in a small bowel obstruction due to increased peristalsis as the bowel tries to overcome the blockage. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Abdominal distention is more commonly associated with large bowel obstructions, while large bowel movements and copious vomiting are not typical findings in small bowel obstructions.
2. A client is being taught about prescribed asthma medications. Which of the following medications should the client use for treatment of an acute asthma attack?
- A. Beclomethasone
- B. Salmeterol
- C. Albuterol
- D. Montelukast
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol is the correct choice for treating acute asthma attacks because it is a short-acting bronchodilator that provides quick relief by relaxing the muscles in the airways. Beclomethasone (choice A) and Salmeterol (choice B) are long-acting medications used for controlling and preventing asthma symptoms but are not for immediate relief during an acute attack. Montelukast (choice D) is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for asthma maintenance therapy and not for acute asthma attacks.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has liver cirrhosis and ascites. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to monitor the effectiveness of the treatment?
- A. Measure the client’s abdominal girth daily
- B. Monitor the client’s hemoglobin level
- C. Administer lactulose as prescribed
- D. Weigh the client weekly
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Measuring the client’s abdominal girth daily is the most effective way to monitor the reduction of ascites and fluid retention in clients with liver cirrhosis. This measurement helps assess the effectiveness of treatment in managing ascites by monitoring changes in abdominal size. Monitoring the client’s hemoglobin level (Choice B) is not directly related to assessing the effectiveness of ascites treatment. Administering lactulose as prescribed (Choice C) is important in managing hepatic encephalopathy, not ascites. Weighing the client weekly (Choice D) may not provide real-time feedback on the reduction of ascites compared to daily abdominal girth measurements.
4. A client receives education on dietary management for ulcerative colitis from a nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should increase your intake of high-fiber foods.
- B. You should avoid foods containing lactose.
- C. You should decrease your intake of dairy products.
- D. You should increase your intake of dairy products.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct statement the nurse should include in the teaching is to decrease the intake of dairy products. This is because reducing the intake of dairy products is beneficial in managing symptoms of ulcerative colitis. Dairy products can aggravate symptoms due to their lactose content, thus advising the client to decrease their consumption can help alleviate discomfort and promote better management of the condition.\nChoice A is incorrect because increasing high-fiber foods may worsen symptoms in some individuals with ulcerative colitis.\nChoice B is incorrect as while it is advised to avoid foods containing lactose, this alone does not encompass the full dietary management for ulcerative colitis.\nChoice D is incorrect as increasing the intake of dairy products can exacerbate symptoms in individuals with ulcerative colitis due to their lactose content.
5. How should you assist with the delivery of the baby's head?
- A. Grasping each side of the baby's head and gently pulling to facilitate delivery.
- B. Placing your fingers on the bony part of the skull and applying gentle pressure.
- C. Carefully rotating the baby's head to face up during delivery.
- D. Placing the palm of your hand firmly against the back of the baby's skull.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: To assist with the delivery of the baby's head, the correct technique involves placing your fingers on the bony part of the skull and applying gentle pressure. This method helps guide the baby's head through the birth canal safely and effectively. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Grasping and pulling the baby's head, rotating the head, or placing the palm of your hand against the back of the baby's skull can potentially cause harm or complications during delivery.
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