HESI RN
HESI RN Nursing Leadership and Management Exam 5
1. A client with hypoparathyroidism is at risk for which of the following complications?
- A. Hypercalcemia
- B. Hypocalcemia
- C. Hyperkalemia
- D. Hypernatremia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Hypoparathyroidism is characterized by decreased levels of parathyroid hormone, leading to reduced calcium levels in the blood, which results in hypocalcemia. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because hypoparathyroidism does not typically lead to hypercalcemia, hyperkalemia, or hypernatremia. Hypercalcemia is more commonly associated with hyperparathyroidism, where there is excess secretion of parathyroid hormone.
2. Which instruction about insulin administration should Nurse Kate give to a client?
- A. Always follow the same order when drawing up different insulins into the syringe.
- B. Shake the vials before withdrawing the insulin.
- C. Store unopened vials of insulin in the refrigerator at recommended temperatures.
- D. Discard the intermediate-acting insulin if it appears cloudy.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Consistently following the same order when drawing up different insulins helps to prevent medication errors. Option B is incorrect because shaking insulin vials could cause bubbles to form, leading to inaccurate dosing. Option C is incorrect as insulin should be stored in the refrigerator, not the freezer, to maintain its effectiveness. Option D is incorrect because cloudy appearance in intermediate-acting insulin may indicate the presence of insulin crystals, which can affect its potency, but this does not necessarily mean it should be discarded without consulting a healthcare provider.
3. A client with type 2 DM is being treated with metformin (Glucophage). The nurse should include which instruction when teaching the client about this medication?
- A. Take the medication with meals.
- B. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
- C. Take the medication before bedtime.
- D. Avoid taking the medication if you miss a meal.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client taking metformin (Glucophage) is to take the medication with meals. This helps reduce gastrointestinal side effects and improves absorption. Choice B is incorrect because taking metformin on an empty stomach can increase the risk of side effects. Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific recommendation to take metformin before bedtime. Choice D is incorrect as missing a meal should not lead to avoiding the medication, but the client should take it with the next meal as prescribed.
4. When should a new nurse graduate consider applying for a position as a nurse manager?
- A. When she is comfortable in her current position
- B. When she begins mentoring other new nurses
- C. As soon as a position opens
- D. When she has developed leadership and clinical expertise
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A new nurse graduate should consider applying for a position as a nurse manager when she has developed leadership and clinical expertise. Option A, 'When she is comfortable in her current position,' is incorrect as comfort in the current position may not necessarily align with the skills required for a managerial role. Option B, 'When she begins mentoring other new nurses,' is not a definitive indicator of readiness for a managerial position. Option C, 'As soon as a position opens,' does not take into account the necessary skills and experience required for a nurse manager role. Therefore, the best time to consider applying for a nurse manager position is after developing the required leadership and clinical expertise.
5. When caring for a male client with diabetes insipidus, what does Nurse Juliet expect to administer?
- A. Vasopressin (Pitressin Synthetic)
- B. Furosemide (Lasix)
- C. Regular insulin
- D. 10% dextrose
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vasopressin (Pitressin Synthetic). Vasopressin is the treatment of choice for diabetes insipidus as it replaces the deficient antidiuretic hormone. Furosemide (Lasix) (choice B) is a diuretic and would exacerbate fluid loss, making it inappropriate for diabetes insipidus. Regular insulin (choice C) is used for diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus, which involves water balance rather than glucose regulation. 10% dextrose (choice D) is used to treat hypoglycemia, not diabetes insipidus.
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