which age group is most vulnerable to protein energy malnutrition pem

ATI LPN

ATI Proctored Community Health

1. Which age group is most vulnerable to protein-energy malnutrition (PEM)?

A. Infants below 6 months
B. Children aged 1-4 years
C. Adolescents
D. Elderly

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Children aged 1-4 years are most vulnerable to protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) due to their rapid growth and development, increased nutritional requirements, and sometimes inadequate diets. This age group is particularly susceptible to malnutrition if they do not receive adequate protein and energy-rich foods to support their growth and development.

2. In the investigation of an epidemic, you compare the present frequency of the disease with the usual frequency at this time of the year in this community. This is done during which stage of the investigation?

A. Establishing the epidemic
B. Testing the hypothesis
C. Formulation of the hypothesis
D. Appraisal of facts

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During the investigation of an epidemic, establishing the epidemic involves comparing the current frequency of the disease with the typical frequency for that time of year in the community. This comparison helps determine whether an epidemic is occurring by assessing if the number of cases exceeds the expected baseline, as well as establishing the link between the cases of the disease.

3. In the conduct of a census, the method of population assignment based on the actual physical location of the people is termed:

A. De jure
B. De locus
C. De facto
D. De novo

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct term for the method of population assignment based on the actual physical location of the people is 'de facto.' On the other hand, 'de jure' is the method based on the usual place of residence of the people.

4. Which of the following is an appropriate site for administration of DPT vaccine?

A. Deltoid muscle
B. Vastus lateralis muscle
C. Gluteus maximus muscle
D. Abdomen

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The vastus lateralis muscle (located in the thigh) is the recommended site for the administration of the DPT vaccine in infants and young children. This muscle is preferred due to its large muscle mass and lower risk of nerve or blood vessel injury, making it a safe and effective site for vaccine administration.

5. What is the goal of the Safe Motherhood Initiative?

A. To reduce child mortality
B. To improve maternal health
C. To provide free medical services
D. To promote exclusive breastfeeding

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The goal of the Safe Motherhood Initiative is to enhance maternal health by reducing maternal mortality and morbidity. This initiative focuses on improving the health outcomes of pregnant women and new mothers, ensuring safer pregnancies and childbirth experiences.