which vaccine is typically given to newborns within the first 24 hours of birth

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ATI Proctored Community Health

1. Which vaccine is typically administered to newborns within the first 24 hours of birth?

A. Hepatitis B
B. BCG
C. OPV
D. Measles

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Hepatitis B. The Hepatitis B vaccine is usually administered to newborns within the first 24 hours of birth to provide protection against Hepatitis B infection. This early vaccination helps prevent transmission of the virus from infected mothers to their babies during childbirth, reducing the risk of chronic liver disease and liver cancer later in life.

2. What is the recommended duration for exclusive breastfeeding according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?

A. 3 months
B. 6 months
C. 9 months
D. 12 months

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life. This means that infants should be fed only breast milk (no other liquids or solids) during this period to ensure optimal growth, development, and health benefits.

3. Which statement is true of primary facilities?

A. They are usually government-run.
B. Their services are provided on an outpatient basis.
C. They are training facilities for health professionals.
D. A community hospital is an example of this level of health facility.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Primary facilities are typically healthcare facilities that offer basic outpatient services to individuals. These services are often provided without the need for an overnight stay, distinguishing them from secondary or tertiary care facilities that offer more specialized and intensive care. Therefore, the correct statement about primary facilities is that their services are provided on an outpatient basis.

4. Public health services are given free of charge. Is this statement true or false?

A. The statement is true; it is the responsibility of government to provide these services
B. The statement is false; people pay indirectly for public health services
C. The statement may be true or false; depending on the Specific service required
D. The statement may be true or false; depending on policies of the government concerned.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Community health services, including public health services, are prepaid paid services, through taxation, for example.

5. Which of the following is a key component of the IMCI strategy?

A. Promoting hospital-based care
B. Providing routine immunizations
C. Enhancing maternal nutrition
D. Integrated case management of childhood illnesses

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) is a strategy developed by WHO and UNICEF. The key components of IMCI include integrated case management of childhood illnesses, where healthcare providers are trained to assess, classify, and treat common childhood illnesses holistically. This approach aims to improve the quality of care for children under five years of age by focusing on overall health, nutrition, immunization, and family and community practices. Therefore, promoting hospital-based care, providing routine immunizations, and enhancing maternal nutrition, while important, are not the sole key components of the IMCI strategy.