which of the following practices can help reduce the transmission of hiv from mother to child
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1. Which of the following practices can help reduce the transmission of HIV from mother to child?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Administering antiretroviral therapy to HIV-positive mothers is a crucial practice to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Antiretroviral therapy helps lower the viral load in the mother's body, decreasing the chance of passing the virus to the child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding, using unsterilized medical equipment, and avoiding prenatal care do not directly contribute to reducing HIV transmission from mother to child.

2. Which of the following diseases is prevented by administration of the Hepatitis B vaccine?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver cancer. The Hepatitis B vaccine helps prevent liver cancer by preventing chronic Hepatitis B infection. While Hepatitis B infection can lead to jaundice, the primary goal of the vaccine is to prevent liver complications such as cirrhosis and liver cancer.

3. During a home visit, the PHN bag is a crucial tool for providing nursing care. The most important principle in bag technique states that it:

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The bag technique is a vital practice to prevent the transmission of infections to and from the client during home visits. By following proper bag technique procedures, nurses can minimize, if not entirely prevent, the spread of infections between themselves and their clients, ensuring a safe care environment.

4. Which of the following is a natality rate?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crude birth rate. Natality refers to birth, making the crude birth rate a measure of the number of live births in a given population over a specific period of time. It is an essential indicator in demography and public health to understand population dynamics.

5. Estimate the number of pregnant women who will be given tetanus toxoid during an immunization outreach activity in a barangay with a population of about 1,500.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To estimate the number of pregnant women, multiply the total population by 3.5%.

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