Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an essential component of prenatal care?

• A. Routine immunizations
• B. Nutritional counseling
• C. Surgical interventions
• D. Radiologic exams

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nutritional counseling is a vital component of prenatal care as it helps ensure the health and well-being of both the mother and the baby. Proper nutrition during pregnancy is crucial for the healthy development of the fetus and to support the overall health of the expectant mother.

2. Which of the following is an appropriate method for treating dehydration in infants?

• A. Administering oral rehydration solution
• B. Providing fruit juice
• C. Increasing milk intake
• D. Administering antibiotics

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Administering oral rehydration solution is an appropriate method for treating dehydration in infants. Oral rehydration solution helps replace lost fluids and electrolytes effectively, aiding in the rehydration process. It is specifically formulated to address dehydration and is recommended by healthcare professionals for managing this condition in infants.

3. Which of the following vaccines is recommended to be given at birth?

• A. BCG
• B. Hepatitis B
• C. OPV
• D. Measles

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The BCG vaccine is recommended to be given at birth to protect against tuberculosis. It is often administered soon after birth to provide early protection against the disease, especially in areas where tuberculosis is prevalent.

4. Sputum examination is the major screening tool for pulmonary tuberculosis. Clients may sometimes receive false negative results in this exam. This means that the test is not perfect in terms of which characteristic of a diagnostic examination?

• A. Effectiveness
• B. Efficacy
• C. Specificity
• D. Sensitivity

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Sensitivity is the ability of a diagnostic test to correctly identify individuals with the disease. A test with high sensitivity will rarely give false negative results, as it will detect almost all positive cases. In the context of the given scenario, false negative results indicate that the test is lacking in sensitivity to pick up all cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, leading to some cases being missed.

5. Which of the following is the most prominent feature of public health nursing?

• A. Providing home care to sick people who are not confined in the hospital
• B. Providing free services to people within the catchment area
• C. Functioning as part of a team to provide a public health nursing service
• D. Focusing on preventive, not curative services

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The most prominent feature of public health nursing is its focus on preventive services rather than curative ones. Public health nursing aims to prevent diseases and promote health within the community by implementing interventions that target the population as a whole. This focus distinguishes public health nursing from other types of nursing that primarily provide curative care to individuals. Preventive services play a significant role in improving the overall health outcomes of communities and reducing the burden of disease.

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