which of the following is a component of the safe motherhood initiative
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1. Which of the following is a component of the Safe Motherhood Initiative?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Ensuring skilled attendance at birth is a crucial component of the Safe Motherhood Initiative aimed at reducing maternal and neonatal mortality rates. By having skilled professionals attend births, complications can be identified early and appropriate care provided promptly, contributing to improved maternal and neonatal health outcomes.

2. What is the primary goal of health education?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal of health education is to empower individuals with knowledge and skills to make informed decisions and adopt behaviors that lead to improved health outcomes. It focuses on promoting healthy habits, disease prevention, and overall well-being.

3. The public health nurse is responsible for presenting the municipal health statistics using graphs and tables. To compare the frequency of the leading causes of mortality in the municipality, which graph will you prepare?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A bar graph is the appropriate choice for comparing the frequency of the leading causes of mortality in the municipality because it allows for the clear visualization of the different causes side by side. Bar graphs are commonly used to compare discrete categories, making them ideal for this scenario. Line graphs are typically used for showing trends over time or age, pie graphs for illustrating population composition or distribution, and scatter diagrams for displaying the correlation between two variables.

4. Which of the following practices can help reduce the transmission of HIV from mother to child?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Administering antiretroviral therapy to HIV-positive mothers is a crucial practice to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Antiretroviral therapy helps lower the viral load in the mother's body, decreasing the chance of passing the virus to the child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding, using unsterilized medical equipment, and avoiding prenatal care do not directly contribute to reducing HIV transmission from mother to child.

5. Tertiary prevention is needed in which stage of the natural history of disease?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on actions taken to prevent complications and further deterioration among individuals already diagnosed with a disease. It is implemented during the terminal stage of a disease when efforts are made to prevent disability, restore function, and improve quality of life. This stage is crucial for managing the disease's progression and enhancing the patient's well-being.

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