ATI LPN
ATI Community Health Proctored Exam 2019 Quizlet
1. Which numerator is used in computing the general fertility rate?
- A. Estimated midyear population
- B. Number of registered live births
- C. Number of pregnancies in the year
- D. Number of females of reproductive age
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The general fertility rate is calculated by dividing the number of registered live births by the number of females of reproductive age (usually 15-45 years) and then multiplying the result by 1,000. This rate helps in understanding the average number of live births a woman in a specific population is expected to have during her reproductive years.
2. After providing home care instructions to the mother of a child being discharged following cardiac surgery, which statement made by the mother indicates a need for further instructions?
- A. A balance of rest and exercise is important.
- B. I can apply lotion or powder to the incision if it is itchy.
- C. Activities in which falling could occur need to be avoided for two to four weeks.
- D. Large crowds of people need to be avoided for at least two weeks after the surgery.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The mother stating that she can apply lotion or powder to the incision if it is itchy indicates a need for further instructions. Applying lotion or powder to the incision is not recommended as it can increase the risk of infection. The other choices are correct: A) Balancing rest and exercise is important for recovery, C) avoiding activities where falling could occur is necessary to prevent injury, and D) avoiding large crowds helps reduce the risk of infections during the initial recovery period.
3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client with hypertension. What lifestyle change should be emphasized?
- A. Increase intake of sodium-rich foods
- B. Limit intake of high-fat foods
- C. Reduce intake of caffeinated beverages
- D. Eat high-protein foods to lower blood pressure
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct lifestyle change that should be emphasized for a client with hypertension is to limit the intake of high-fat foods. High-fat foods can contribute to high blood pressure, so reducing their consumption is important in managing hypertension. Choice A is incorrect because increasing intake of sodium-rich foods can worsen hypertension due to their effect on blood pressure. Choice C is incorrect as caffeinated beverages can also elevate blood pressure. Choice D is incorrect because while high-protein foods can be beneficial, they do not directly lower blood pressure like reducing high-fat foods would.
4. A client is receiving IV moderate sedation with midazolam and has a respiratory rate of 9/min. What should the nurse do?
- A. Place the client in a prone position
- B. Implement positive pressure ventilation
- C. Perform nasopharyngeal suctioning
- D. Administer flumazenil
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer flumazenil. Flumazenil is the reversal agent for midazolam, a benzodiazepine, and should be administered to counteract respiratory depression. Placing the client in a prone position (choice A) could further compromise their breathing. Implementing positive pressure ventilation (choice B) is not indicated as the first step when dealing with respiratory depression due to sedation. Performing nasopharyngeal suctioning (choice C) is not appropriate in this situation where the client is experiencing respiratory depression due to medication sedation.
5. How should a healthcare provider manage a patient with hypertensive crisis?
- A. Administer antihypertensive medications and monitor blood pressure
- B. Provide a high-sodium diet and fluid restriction
- C. Administer diuretics and provide oxygen therapy
- D. Provide IV fluids and monitor for kidney failure
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In a hypertensive crisis, the immediate goal is to lower blood pressure to prevent organ damage. Administering antihypertensive medications helps achieve this goal efficiently. Monitoring blood pressure is essential to assess the effectiveness of the treatment and adjust medication as needed. Providing a high-sodium diet and fluid restriction (Choice B) can exacerbate hypertension by increasing blood pressure. Diuretics and oxygen therapy (Choice C) are not the first-line treatment for hypertensive crisis, as the priority is rapid blood pressure reduction. Providing IV fluids and monitoring for kidney failure (Choice D) are not primary interventions for managing hypertensive crisis; the focus is on blood pressure control and organ protection.
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