ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020
1. What guides behavior and decision making based on values and beliefs?
- A. Morals
- B. Beliefs
- C. Ethics
- D. Autonomy
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Morals are the values and beliefs that guide behavior and decision-making. While beliefs are part of the equation, morals specifically dictate how individuals act and make choices. Ethics, on the other hand, refer to a system of moral principles governing conduct. Autonomy, although important, is not directly related to the values and beliefs that guide behavior and decision making.
2. A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client during a routine physical examination. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as a possible indication of maltreatment?
- A. My son took my wallet to keep track of my spending
- B. My son always cooks my meals for me
- C. My son doesn't want me to drive alone
- D. I exercise every day with my son
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Taking away a wallet to control spending is a form of financial maltreatment, which is a common form of abuse among older adults. Choices B, C, and D do not indicate maltreatment; rather, they show examples of care and concern from the son. Cooking meals, preventing the older adult from driving alone, and engaging in daily exercise are positive behaviors.
3. A client with Addison's disease is being treated with fludrocortisone (Florinef). Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse monitor for?
- A. Hyperkalemia.
- B. Hyponatremia.
- C. Hypernatremia.
- D. Hypocalcemia.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Fludrocortisone, such as Florinef, is a mineralocorticoid that promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion, which can lead to hypernatremia. Therefore, the nurse should closely monitor for hypernatremia when a client with Addison's disease is being treated with fludrocortisone. Hyperkalemia (Choice A) is incorrect because fludrocortisone promotes potassium excretion, leading to hypokalemia rather than hyperkalemia. Hyponatremia (Choice B) is incorrect as fludrocortisone promotes sodium retention. Hypocalcemia (Choice D) is unrelated to the action of fludrocortisone.
4. A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse assign to an assistive personnel (AP)?
- A. Client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and needs guidance with incentive spirometry
- B. Client who has awoken following a bronchoscopy and requests a drink
- C. Client who had a myocardial infarction 3 days ago and reports chest discomfort
- D. Client who had a cerebrovascular accident 2 days ago and needs help toileting
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the client who had a cerebrovascular accident 2 days ago and needs help toileting is stable and the task is appropriate for delegation to an assistive personnel (AP). Choices A, B, and C involve clients with more complex care needs that require the expertise of a nurse. Choice A involves providing guidance with incentive spirometry, which requires specialized knowledge and assessment skills. Choice B involves a client who has just undergone a bronchoscopy, so close monitoring is essential to assess for any complications. Choice C involves a client who had a myocardial infarction 3 days ago and is reporting chest discomfort, which could indicate a potential cardiac issue requiring immediate nursing assessment and intervention.
5. The healthcare provider is assessing a newborn for signs of hypoglycemia. Which finding is consistent with hypoglycemia?
- A. Jitteriness
- B. Flushed skin
- C. Quiet alert state
- D. Strong cry
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Jitteriness is a common clinical manifestation of hypoglycemia in newborns. It is important to recognize this sign promptly as it can indicate a potentially serious condition that requires immediate attention and intervention to prevent complications.
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