ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023
1. How should a healthcare provider assess and manage a patient with hyperthyroidism?
- A. Administer beta-blockers and monitor for signs of thyroid storm
- B. Encourage a high-protein, low-iodine diet
- C. Monitor for signs of bradycardia
- D. Provide iodine supplements and check for arrhythmias
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Administering beta-blockers is the initial management for hyperthyroidism to control symptoms such as tachycardia and tremors. Monitoring for signs of thyroid storm is crucial as it is a life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism. Encouraging a high-protein, low-iodine diet (choice B) is not the primary intervention for managing hyperthyroidism. Monitoring for signs of bradycardia (choice C) is not typically seen in hyperthyroidism, as it often presents with tachycardia. Providing iodine supplements and checking for arrhythmias (choice D) are contraindicated in hyperthyroidism as they can worsen the condition.
2. How should a healthcare professional manage a patient with fluid volume deficit?
- A. Encourage oral fluid intake
- B. Administer IV fluids as ordered
- C. Monitor urine output and check electrolyte levels
- D. Monitor skin turgor and capillary refill
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging oral fluid intake is a crucial nursing intervention in managing a patient with fluid volume deficit. By encouraging oral fluid intake, the patient can increase hydration levels, helping to correct the deficit. Administering IV fluids may be necessary in severe cases or when the patient is unable to tolerate oral intake. Monitoring urine output and checking electrolyte levels are essential aspects of assessing fluid volume status, but they are not direct interventions for correcting fluid volume deficit. Monitoring skin turgor and capillary refill are important assessments for fluid volume status but are not direct management strategies.
3. What are the key steps in administering oral medications to a patient with dysphagia?
- A. Crush medications and mix with food
- B. Use a straw to facilitate swallowing
- C. Encourage the patient to drink thickened liquids
- D. Have the patient lie flat during administration
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crush medications and mix with food. When administering oral medications to a patient with dysphagia, crushing the medications and mixing them with food is a common method to aid in swallowing. Choice B is incorrect because using a straw could pose a choking hazard for patients with dysphagia. Choice C is incorrect as thickened liquids may not always be suitable for all medications. Choice D is incorrect because having the patient lie flat can increase the risk of aspiration, which is not recommended for patients with dysphagia.
4. A nurse is contributing to an in-service for newly-licensed nurses about child maltreatment. The nurse should include that which of the following characteristics increases a child's risk of physical maltreatment?
- A. Low birth weight
- B. Advanced maternal age
- C. Single parenthood
- D. Premature birth
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Low birth weight increases a child's vulnerability to physical maltreatment due to additional care needs. Advanced maternal age (choice B) is not directly linked to an increased risk of physical maltreatment. Single parenthood (choice C) is not a characteristic that inherently increases the risk of physical maltreatment. Premature birth (choice D) is not listed as a characteristic that directly increases a child's risk of physical maltreatment.
5. What is the role of the nurse in the care of a patient with a pressure ulcer?
- A. Clean the wound and apply a protective dressing
- B. Assess the wound and reposition the patient frequently
- C. Apply pressure to the ulcer and monitor for signs of healing
- D. Provide pain relief and administer antibiotics as needed
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess the wound and reposition the patient frequently. When caring for a patient with a pressure ulcer, it is crucial for the nurse to assess the wound regularly to monitor its progress and prevent complications. Additionally, repositioning the patient frequently helps to relieve pressure on the affected area, prevent further damage, and promote healing. Choice A is incorrect because while cleaning the wound is important, applying a protective dressing is not the primary role of the nurse in managing a pressure ulcer. Choice C is incorrect as applying pressure to the ulcer is harmful, and monitoring for signs of healing should not involve applying pressure. Choice D is incorrect as providing pain relief and administering antibiotics may be necessary but are not the primary interventions for managing a pressure ulcer.
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