ATI LPN
ATI NCLEX PN Predictor Test
1. What are the key steps in administering oral medications to a patient with dysphagia?
- A. Crush medications and mix with food
- B. Use a straw to facilitate swallowing
- C. Encourage the patient to drink thickened liquids
- D. Have the patient lie flat during administration
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crush medications and mix with food. When administering oral medications to a patient with dysphagia, crushing the medications and mixing them with food is a common method to aid in swallowing. Choice B is incorrect because using a straw could pose a choking hazard for patients with dysphagia. Choice C is incorrect as thickened liquids may not always be suitable for all medications. Choice D is incorrect because having the patient lie flat can increase the risk of aspiration, which is not recommended for patients with dysphagia.
2. A patient with schizophrenia is being educated about the significance of medication adherence. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding?
- A. I will take my medication only when I feel symptoms returning.
- B. I understand that taking my medication regularly is important to manage my symptoms.
- C. I can stop taking my medication once I feel better.
- D. I should take my medication on an as-needed basis.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because acknowledging the importance of consistently taking medication is crucial for effectively managing symptoms of schizophrenia. It is essential for patients with schizophrenia to adhere to their medication regimen to stabilize their condition and prevent symptom exacerbation. Waiting for symptoms to return before taking medication, stopping medication once feeling better, or taking medications on an as-needed basis are not recommended practices for managing schizophrenia effectively.
3. In the past year, Barangay A had an average population of 1655. There were 46 babies born in that year, 2 of whom died less than 4 weeks after birth, and 4 stillbirths were recorded. What is the neonatal mortality rate?
- A. 27.8/1000
- B. 43.5/1000
- C. 86.9/1000
- D. 130.4/1000
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Neonatal mortality rate is calculated by dividing the number of babies who died before reaching the age of 28 days by the total number of live births, then multiplying by 1,000. In this case, 2 babies died within 28 days out of 46 total live births. Therefore, the neonatal mortality rate is (2/46) * 1000 = 43.5/1000.
4. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has dependent personality disorder. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
- A. Limit social interactions
- B. Demonstrate assertiveness
- C. Follow a rigid schedule
- D. Perform deep breathing exercises
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Demonstrate assertiveness.' For clients with dependent personality disorder, assertiveness training is crucial as it helps them become more independent and develop the skills to express their own needs and preferences effectively. Choice A ('Limit social interactions') is incorrect because promoting healthy social interactions is important for individuals with this disorder to build confidence and reduce dependency. Choice C ('Follow a rigid schedule') is incorrect as overly rigid schedules may exacerbate feelings of helplessness and dependence. Choice D ('Perform deep breathing exercises') is not directly related to addressing the core issues of dependent personality disorder, which primarily involve developing self-reliance and assertiveness.
5. Which type of carbohydrate helps maintain normal blood glucose levels during fasting periods?
- A. Glucose
- B. Galactose
- C. Dextrins
- D. Glycogen
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is glycogen. Glycogen is a type of carbohydrate stored in the body that is broken down into glucose to help maintain blood glucose levels during fasting periods. Glucose (choice A) is the simplest form of sugar and is a product of carbohydrate digestion, not the stored form like glycogen. Galactose (choice B) is a monosaccharide found in dairy products. Dextrins (choice C) are intermediate products of starch digestion and not directly involved in maintaining blood glucose levels during fasting.
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