ATI LPN
ATI Comprehensive Predictor PN
1. Which of the following is the best intervention for managing dehydration?
- A. Administer antiemetics to prevent nausea
- B. Monitor fluid and electrolyte levels
- C. Encourage the client to drink more fluids
- D. Administer intravenous fluids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The best intervention for managing dehydration is to monitor fluid and electrolyte levels. This approach allows healthcare providers to assess the severity of dehydration, determine appropriate fluid replacement therapy, and prevent complications. Administering antiemetics (Choice A) may help with nausea but does not address the underlying issue of dehydration. Encouraging the client to drink more fluids (Choice C) may be appropriate for mild dehydration but can be inadequate for moderate to severe cases. Administering intravenous fluids (Choice D) is crucial for severe dehydration or cases where oral rehydration is ineffective, but monitoring fluid and electrolyte levels should precede this intervention.
2. What assessments should the nurse prioritize for a client with portal hypertension admitted to the medical floor?
- A. Assessment of blood pressure and evaluation for headaches and visual changes
- B. Assessment for signs and symptoms of venous thromboembolism
- C. Daily weights and measurement of abdominal girth
- D. Monitoring blood glucose every 4 hours
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In portal hypertension, daily weights and measurement of abdominal girth are crucial assessments to monitor fluid retention and ascites. These assessments help in evaluating the effectiveness of treatment and identifying any worsening of the condition, guiding appropriate interventions. Monitoring blood pressure and assessing for symptoms like headaches and visual changes may be important but are not the priority in this case. Assessing for signs and symptoms of venous thromboembolism is relevant in some situations but not directly related to the primary concerns of portal hypertension.
3. A client with hypothyroidism is prescribed levothyroxine (Synthroid). Which instruction should the nurse provide?
- A. Take the medication with a meal.
- B. Take the medication at bedtime.
- C. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
- D. Take the medication with an antacid.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed levothyroxine (Synthroid) is to take the medication on an empty stomach. This ensures optimal absorption of levothyroxine. Taking it with a meal can interfere with absorption due to food interactions. Taking it at bedtime may lead to inconsistent absorption as it should be taken at the same time every day in the morning. Taking it with an antacid can reduce the absorption of levothyroxine, making it less effective.
4. A nurse is teaching the parent of a newborn about car seat safety. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- A. You should keep the car seat rear-facing until your baby is at least 2 years old.
- B. Position the retainer clip over the upper part of your baby's abdomen.
- C. You should place your baby in the car seat with a slight recline.
- D. Place the shoulder harness straps in the slots at or below your baby's shoulders.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The car seat should remain rear-facing until the baby is at least 2 years old to ensure maximum safety in the event of a collision. This position helps protect the infant’s head, neck, and spine. Choice B is incorrect because the retainer clip should be positioned at armpit level on the baby, not over the upper part of the abdomen. Choice C is incorrect as the baby should be placed in the car seat with a slight recline, not at a 90-degree angle. Choice D is incorrect as the shoulder harness straps should be at or below the baby's shoulders, not above, to ensure proper fit and safety.
5. The nurse is preparing to administer an intravenous dose of potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia. The nurse should monitor for which potential complication?
- A. Hyperkalemia
- B. Hypokalemia
- C. Hypernatremia
- D. Hypercalcemia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When administering potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia, the nurse should monitor for hyperkalemia. Potassium chloride supplementation aims to increase potassium levels in individuals with hypokalemia. However, excessive administration can lead to hyperkalemia, which can be a serious and potentially life-threatening complication. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial to prevent this adverse outcome. Hypokalemia (Choice B) is the condition being treated, so it is not a complication of treatment. Hypernatremia (Choice C) refers to high sodium levels and is not directly related to the administration of potassium chloride. Hypercalcemia (Choice D) is an elevated calcium level and is not a common complication associated with potassium chloride administration in hypokalemia.
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