ATI LPN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam
1. From where are trypsin and chymotrypsin secreted?
- A. Small intestine.
- B. Liver.
- C. Stomach.
- D. Pancreas.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Trypsin and chymotrypsin are enzymes involved in protein digestion. These enzymes are secreted by the pancreas, not the small intestine, liver, or stomach. The pancreas plays a crucial role in producing digestive enzymes that aid in breaking down proteins in the small intestine. The small intestine is the site where these enzymes act, not where they are secreted. The liver is responsible for producing bile, not digestive enzymes. The stomach secretes gastric juices but not trypsin and chymotrypsin. Therefore, the correct answer is the pancreas.
2. When teaching a client about the use of lisinopril, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Monitor your blood pressure regularly.
- B. Take the medication with food.
- C. Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods.
- D. Avoid grapefruit juice.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to monitor their blood pressure regularly when taking lisinopril. Lisinopril is known to cause hypotension, so monitoring blood pressure is crucial to ensure it stays within a safe range. This monitoring helps in early detection of any potential issues related to low blood pressure, allowing for timely intervention. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because taking lisinopril with food, increasing potassium-rich foods intake, and avoiding grapefruit juice are not specific instructions related to the safe and effective use of lisinopril.
3. Which symptom is most indicative of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
- A. Persistent low mood
- B. Frequent nightmares
- C. Hallucinations
- D. Compulsive behaviors
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Frequent nightmares are a hallmark symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Individuals with PTSD often experience intrusive and distressing nightmares related to the traumatic event they have experienced. These nightmares can contribute to sleep disturbances and further exacerbate the individual's overall psychological distress. Persistent low mood, hallucinations, and compulsive behaviors are not specific symptoms of PTSD and are more commonly associated with other mental health conditions such as depression, psychotic disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder respectively.
4. What is the role of the nurse in postoperative care for a patient with a hip replacement?
- A. Monitor for signs of infection and administer pain relief
- B. Ensure the patient follows a low-calcium diet
- C. Ensure the patient uses crutches to avoid pressure on the hip
- D. Monitor for signs of deep vein thrombosis
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor for signs of infection and administer pain relief. In postoperative care for a patient with a hip replacement, it is crucial for the nurse to monitor for signs of infection, such as increased pain, redness, swelling, or drainage from the surgical site. Administering pain relief is also important to ensure the patient's comfort and aid in their recovery. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the immediate postoperative care needs of a patient with a hip replacement. Ensuring a low-calcium diet, using crutches, or monitoring for deep vein thrombosis are not primary responsibilities in the immediate postoperative period for this type of surgery.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide 4 mg/kg/day PO divided into 2 equal doses daily to a toddler who weighs 22 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)
- A. 20 mg
- B. 15 mg
- C. 10 mg
- D. 30 mg
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To calculate the dosage per dose, first, convert the toddler's weight from pounds to kilograms: 22 lb / 2.2 = 10 kg. Then, multiply the weight by the dosage: 4 mg × 10 kg = 40 mg/day. Since this total daily dose is divided into 2 equal doses, the nurse should administer 20 mg per dose. Therefore, the correct answer is 20 mg. Choice B (15 mg) is incorrect because it does not account for the correct weight conversion and dosage calculation. Choice C (10 mg) is incorrect as it only considers the weight conversion but doesn't multiply it by the dosage. Choice D (30 mg) is incorrect as it miscalculates the dosage by not dividing the total daily dose into 2 equal parts.
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