the primary function of protein in the body is to

ATI LPN

PN Nutrition Assessment ATI

1. What is the primary function of protein in the body?

A. Provide energy.
B. Regulate metabolic processes.
C. Control muscle contractions.
D. Build tissue.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The primary function of protein in the body is to build and repair tissues. Proteins are crucial for growth, maintenance, and repair of body tissues, including muscles, organs, and skin. While proteins can be a source of energy, their primary role is not to supply energy. Regulating metabolic processes and controlling muscle contractions are functions typically attributed to other nutrients and compounds in the body, such as vitamins and minerals.

2. How many kilocalories (kcal) are provided by a food containing 30 grams of carbohydrate?

A. 90
B. 120
C. 180
D. 270

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 120. Carbohydrates provide 4 kcal per gram, so 30 grams of carbohydrates will provide 120 kcal. This is calculated by multiplying the grams of carbohydrate (30) by the kcal per gram (4). Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the correct calculation based on the energy content of carbohydrates.

3. In an analysis of the amino acid composition of foods, the amino acid occurring in the smallest amount is called:

A. indispensable.
B. dispensable.
C. complementary.
D. limiting.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'limiting.' In the analysis of the amino acid composition of foods, the amino acid that occurs in the smallest amount is referred to as the limiting amino acid. This term is used because when one essential amino acid is deficient, it limits the synthesis of proteins, making it crucial in determining protein quality. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. 'Indispensable' and 'dispensable' refer to the essentiality of amino acids, and 'complementary' does not describe the concept of the amino acid occurring in the smallest amount.

4. What types of muscular movement occur in the intestine?

A. Longitudinal and circular.
B. Expulsion and traction.
C. Tonus and clonus.
D. Intermittent and continuous.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Longitudinal and circular. Longitudinal and circular muscles are responsible for the movements that help propel food through the intestine. Choice B, expulsion and traction, is incorrect as these terms do not specifically relate to the types of muscular movement in the intestine. Choice C, tonus and clonus, refers to different types of muscle contractions and are not the primary movements in the intestine. Choice D, intermittent and continuous, does not accurately describe the specific types of muscular movement that occur in the intestine.

5. What does the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) represent?

A. a replacement for Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs).
B. a safe level of intake for people of all ages.
C. a potentially toxic level of intake of a nutrient.
D. the highest amount of a nutrient that can be safely consumed.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) represents the highest amount of a nutrient that can be safely consumed without causing adverse health effects. It is not a replacement for Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) (choice A) which are nutrient intake recommendations. While the UL is established to prevent toxicity, it is not a completely safe level for people of all ages (choice B). It is also not a potentially toxic level of intake of a nutrient (choice C), but rather the level that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects.