ATI LPN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam
1. What is the interrelated network of nerves within the gastrointestinal wall that regulates its muscular action known as?
- A. gastric nerve plexus
- B. biliary nerve plexus
- C. intramural nerve plexus
- D. intestinal nerve plexus
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, intramural nerve plexus. The intramural nerve plexus is the interrelated network of nerves within the gastrointestinal wall that regulates its muscular action. The gastric nerve plexus (choice A) specifically pertains to the network of nerves in the stomach, not the entire gastrointestinal wall. The biliary nerve plexus (choice B) is associated with nerve supply in the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts, not the gastrointestinal wall. The intestinal nerve plexus (choice D) is a general term that may refer to various nerve networks within the intestines but does not specifically address the entire gastrointestinal wall.
2. A client with a history of hypertension is prescribed lisinopril (Prinivil). Which side effect should the nurse monitor for?
- A. Dry cough.
- B. Weight gain.
- C. Tachycardia.
- D. Hyperglycemia.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dry cough. Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor, and a common side effect of ACE inhibitors is a dry cough. This occurs due to the accumulation of bradykinin in the lungs, leading to irritation and subsequent cough. It is important for the nurse to monitor the client for this side effect as it can affect adherence to the medication regimen. Weight gain, tachycardia, and hyperglycemia are not typically associated with lisinopril. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect.
3. Which medication is often prescribed for patients with bipolar disorder to help stabilize mood?
- A. Sertraline
- B. Lithium
- C. Haloperidol
- D. Diazepam
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Lithium is the medication frequently prescribed to stabilize mood in patients with bipolar disorder. It helps to reduce the frequency and severity of manic episodes, making it a cornerstone in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Sertraline is an antidepressant commonly used for depression, while haloperidol and diazepam are not typically first-line treatments for bipolar disorder.
4. What is customer satisfaction primarily based on?
- A. Personal interactions with employees
- B. Access to modern, up-to-date facilities
- C. Availability of a wide menu selection
- D. Having to undergo fewer invasive procedures
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Customer satisfaction is primarily based on the quality of personal interactions with staff. Positive personal interactions, including empathy, communication, and responsiveness, greatly impact a customer's overall experience and perception of the service provided, leading to increased satisfaction and loyalty. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while modern facilities, menu selection, and ease of procedures can contribute to customer satisfaction, they are secondary factors compared to the quality of personal interactions.
5. What is the best nursing intervention for a patient with hyperkalemia?
- A. Administer potassium-wasting diuretics
- B. Encourage a low-potassium diet
- C. Administer potassium supplements
- D. Administer IV fluids
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer potassium-wasting diuretics. Hyperkalemia, which is high potassium levels, is managed by promoting the excretion of potassium from the body. Potassium-wasting diuretics help the kidneys eliminate excess potassium. Encouraging a low-potassium diet (choice B) is important for long-term management but not the immediate intervention for hyperkalemia. Administering potassium supplements (choice C) would worsen the condition by further increasing potassium levels. Administering IV fluids (choice D) may help with hydration but does not directly address the high potassium levels characteristic of hyperkalemia.
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