Nursing Elites

1. Mrs. Byers tells the nurse that she is very worried because her 2-year-old child does not finish his meals. What should the nurse advise the mother?

• A. Make the child seat with the family in the dining room until he finishes his meal
• B. Provide quiet environment for the child before meals
• C. Do not give snacks to the child before meals
• D. Put the child on a chair and feed him

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Providing a quiet environment can help the child focus on eating.

2. During the 'Provide practical treatment' phase, what is the nurse expected to do?

• A. Greet the mother and inquire about the history
• B. Assess for danger signs
• C. Give appropriate treatment
• D. Check vital signs

Correct answer: C

Rationale: During the 'Provide practical treatment' phase, the nurse is expected to give appropriate treatment to address the patient's needs. This involves implementing the necessary medical interventions or care based on the assessment findings and treatment plan. While greeting the mother, assessing for danger signs, and checking vital signs are important aspects of patient care, the focal point during this phase is to administer the specific treatment required to manage the patient's condition effectively.

3. A 3-month-old is hospitalized with a fractured femur. The pain assessment tool most appropriate for this child is the:

• A. FLACC scale.
• B. Poker chip tool.
• C. Number scale.
• D. Visual analog scale.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The FLACC scale is a validated pain assessment tool suitable for infants and young children, including 3-month-olds. It assesses pain based on five categories: Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability. Since infants cannot communicate their pain verbally, the FLACC scale is effective in evaluating pain by observing these behavioral indicators. The other options, such as the Poker chip tool, Number scale, and Visual analog scale, are not specifically designed for infants and may not provide accurate pain assessment in this age group.

4. When discussing heart conditions, a healthcare provider explains a condition in which the lungs retain extra fluid due to left ventricular impairment. What is this condition?

• A. Whooping cough
• B. Pneumonia
• C. Asthma
• D. Pulmonary edema

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Pulmonary edema is the correct answer. It is a condition characterized by the retention of extra fluid in the lungs, often due to left ventricular impairment. This fluid buildup can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing, and difficulty breathing. Whooping cough (Choice A), pneumonia (Choice B), and asthma (Choice C) are not conditions related to the retention of fluid in the lungs due to left ventricular impairment. Whooping cough is a bacterial respiratory infection, pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, and asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and constriction.

5. A clinic nurse reviews the record of a child just seen by a doctor and diagnosed with suspected aortic stenosis. The nurse expects to note documentation of which clinical manifestation specifically found in this disorder?

• A. Pallor
• B. Hyperactivity
• C. Exercise intolerance
• D. Gastrointestinal disturbances

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Aortic stenosis is a condition characterized by the narrowing of the aortic valve, leading to reduced blood flow from the heart to the body. This narrowing restricts the amount of oxygenated blood that can reach various tissues, including muscles. As a result, individuals with aortic stenosis may experience exercise intolerance, as their muscles may not receive an adequate oxygen supply during physical activity. This can manifest as fatigue, shortness of breath, and overall decreased exercise capacity. Pallor (choice A) is a pale appearance that may be seen in anemia or other conditions affecting blood flow but is not specific to aortic stenosis. Hyperactivity (choice B) and gastrointestinal disturbances (choice D) are not typically associated with aortic stenosis.

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