Nursing Elites

1. How are lipids carried in the bloodstream?

• A. Micelles.
• B. Glycolipids.
• C. Lecithin.
• D. Lipoproteins.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Lipids are carried in the bloodstream in the form of lipoproteins. Lipoproteins are complexes of proteins and lipids that transport fats to various parts of the body. While micelles, glycolipids, and lecithin are all related to lipid metabolism, they are not the primary carriers of lipids in the bloodstream. Micelles are small lipid clusters in the intestines, glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached, and lecithin is a type of phospholipid. Therefore, lipoproteins are the correct answer as they are specifically designed for transporting lipids through the bloodstream.

2. The nutrients involved in metabolic regulation and control include minerals, vitamins, and:

• A. amino acids.
• B. carbohydrates.
• C. fats.
• D. water.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, water. Water plays a crucial role in metabolic regulation along with vitamins and minerals. While amino acids, carbohydrates, and fats are essential nutrients for various bodily functions, they are not primarily involved in metabolic regulation and control.

3. Which of the following are considered micronutrients?

• A. Fats.
• B. Proteins.
• C. Vitamins.
• D. Carbohydrates.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Micronutrients are essential nutrients needed by the body in small quantities to support various bodily functions. Vitamins fall under this category as they play crucial roles in metabolism, immune function, and overall health. While fats, proteins, and carbohydrates are essential macronutrients required in larger amounts for energy and growth, they are not classified as micronutrients. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

4. During lactation, where is lactose synthesized in the body?

• A. Liver
• B. Breast
• C. Kidney
• D. Pancreas

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Breast. Lactose is synthesized in the breast during lactation to produce breastmilk. The liver is responsible for various metabolic functions but does not synthesize lactose. The kidney's primary role is in filtering blood and regulating electrolytes, not lactose synthesis. The pancreas is involved in producing digestive enzymes and insulin, not lactose synthesis.

5. How many different amino acids make up human proteins?

• A. 9
• B. 13
• C. 15
• D. 20

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 20. There are 20 different amino acids that combine to form proteins in the human body. Each amino acid has a unique side chain that determines its properties. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not represent the total number of different amino acids found in human proteins.

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