Nursing Elites

1. For a healthy person, what percentage of daily calories should be supplied by protein?

• A. 5% to 10%.
• B. 10% to 35%.
• C. more than 25%.
• D. more than 35%.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 10% to 35%. For a healthy person, it is recommended that 10% to 35% of their daily caloric intake should come from protein. This range ensures an adequate intake of protein for various bodily functions without overdoing it. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they suggest percentages either below the recommended range (A, C) or exceeding it (D), which could lead to nutritional imbalances or health issues.

2. The sugar to which all other sugars are converted during human metabolism is:

• A. sucrose
• B. fructose
• C. glucose
• D. maltose

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Glucose is the primary sugar used by the body for energy and is converted from other sugars during metabolism. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose, not the end product of sugar metabolism. Fructose is a simple sugar found in fruits but needs to be converted to glucose for cellular energy. Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose units and is not the final product of sugar metabolism in humans.

3. How many amino acids are considered indispensable or essential?

• A. 9
• B. 10
• C. 12
• D. 14

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 9. Nine amino acids are considered essential or indispensable because they cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained through the diet. These amino acids include histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as the number of essential amino acids is specifically 9, as they are crucial for various bodily functions.

4. The nutrients involved in metabolic regulation and control include minerals, vitamins, and:

• A. amino acids.
• B. carbohydrates.
• C. fats.
• D. water.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, water. Water plays a crucial role in metabolic regulation along with vitamins and minerals. While amino acids, carbohydrates, and fats are essential nutrients for various bodily functions, they are not primarily involved in metabolic regulation and control.

5. In addition to active transport, which process is involved in absorbing food in the small intestine?

• A. pinocytosis
• B. excretion
• C. phagocytosis
• D. electrochemical diffusion

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is pinocytosis. Pinocytosis is a process where cells in the small intestine absorb nutrients by engulfing them. This process is different from phagocytosis, which involves engulfing large particles, and excretion, which is the removal of waste products. Electrochemical diffusion is not directly involved in the absorption of food in the small intestine.

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