Nursing Elites

1. What is the primary goal of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) when treating a patient with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

• A. To help the patient confront and process traumatic memories
• B. To help the patient change negative thought patterns
• C. To help the patient develop relaxation techniques
• D. To help the patient avoid triggers

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary goal of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in treating patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is to help them confront and process traumatic memories. EMDR uses bilateral stimulation to facilitate the processing of distressing memories, leading to their desensitization and reprocessing, ultimately reducing PTSD symptoms.

2. A patient with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is experiencing nightmares. Which intervention should the nurse include in the care plan?

• A. Encouraging the patient to journal before bedtime
• B. Teaching relaxation techniques
• C. Avoiding discussing the nightmares directly
• D. Developing a safety plan

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Teaching relaxation techniques is an appropriate intervention for a patient with PTSD experiencing nightmares. Relaxation techniques can help the patient manage anxiety and improve sleep quality, potentially decreasing the frequency and intensity of nightmares. By teaching relaxation techniques, the nurse empowers the patient to actively cope with and reduce the distressing symptoms of PTSD, contributing to overall therapeutic outcomes.

3. A charge nurse is conducting a class on therapeutic communication with a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following aspects of communication should the nurse identify as a component of verbal communication?

• A. Personal space
• B. Posture
• C. Eye contact
• D. Intonation

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Verbal communication involves the use of words, tone, and pitch to convey messages. Intonation refers to the variation of pitch in speech, which can convey emotions, attitudes, and emphasize certain points. Therefore, intonation is a key component of verbal communication, making it the correct choice in this scenario. Choices A, B, and C are aspects of nonverbal communication. Personal space, posture, and eye contact are important nonverbal cues that contribute to effective communication, but they are not components of verbal communication.

4. A patient with agoraphobia has difficulty leaving their home. Which nursing intervention would be most effective?

• A. Encourage the patient to make small, gradual steps outside the home.
• B. Advise the patient to avoid crowded places.
• C. Suggest that the patient focus on their breathing when anxious.
• D. Provide the patient with information about support groups.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging the patient to make small, gradual steps outside the home is the most effective nursing intervention for agoraphobia. This approach helps the patient confront their fear gradually and build confidence in managing their symptoms. By taking small steps, the patient can start to expand their comfort zone and reduce anxiety associated with leaving their home, ultimately aiding in their recovery and increasing their independence. Choices B, C, and D are not as effective as choice A. Advising the patient to avoid crowded places does not address the underlying issue of agoraphobia. Suggesting that the patient focus on their breathing when anxious may help manage immediate symptoms but does not address the fear of leaving home. Providing information about support groups is beneficial but may not directly address the patient's difficulty leaving their home.

5. A patient is experiencing a manic episode. Which intervention is most effective?

• A. Encouraging the patient to participate in group activities
• B. Providing a low-stimulation environment
• C. Allowing the patient to move freely around the unit
• D. Engaging the patient in competitive games

Correct answer: B

Rationale: During a manic episode, individuals may be overwhelmed by stimuli. Providing a low-stimulation environment can help reduce excessive sensory input and minimize exacerbation of manic behaviors. This intervention aims to create a calm and structured setting that supports the individual in managing their symptoms effectively.

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