ATI LPN
Adult Medical Surgical ATI
1. In a patient with a history of chronic iron deficiency anemia requiring a recent blood transfusion and an extensive GI work-up, which statement is true based on their medications?
- A. A dedicated small bowel series has a high likelihood of being positive
- B. 81 mg of aspirin per day decreases the benefit of using a COX II inhibitor
- C. The patient should have a provocative arteriogram with heparin infusion to identify the source of blood loss
- D. Hormonal therapy has been shown to be effective in decreasing blood loss due to arteriovenous malformations
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Taking even a low dose of aspirin per day, such as 81 mg, can reduce the protective effect on the gastrointestinal mucosa that is gained from using a COX II selective inhibitor. Aspirin can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, which can counteract the benefits of COX II inhibitors in protecting the stomach lining.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). The client has a productive cough and is started on airborne precautions. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
- A. Wear an N95 respirator mask when caring for the client.
- B. Place the client in a semi-private room.
- C. Have the client wear a surgical mask during meals.
- D. Use a negative pressure air filtration system.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to wear an N95 respirator mask when caring for the client with TB. This is crucial to prevent the nurse from inhaling the airborne particles that spread the infection. Choice B is incorrect because placing the client in a semi-private room does not address the protection of the nurse. Choice C is incorrect as having the client wear a surgical mask during meals is not sufficient to protect the nurse during all interactions. Choice D is incorrect as using a negative pressure air filtration system is more applicable to airborne infection isolation rooms in healthcare settings and not a standard intervention for nurses caring for a single client with TB.
3. A healthcare provider decides to put a client who has a psychotic disorder in seclusion overnight because the unit is very short-staffed, and the client frequently fights with other clients. The healthcare provider’s actions are an example of which of the following torts?
- A. Invasion of privacy
- B. False imprisonment
- C. Assault
- D. Battery
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: False imprisonment. False imprisonment occurs when an individual is intentionally restricted in their freedom of movement without consent and without lawful justification. In this scenario, placing the client in seclusion overnight due to staffing shortages and behavioral issues constitutes false imprisonment as the client is confined against their will. Choice A, invasion of privacy, does not apply as the situation is about physical confinement, not privacy violation. Assault (choice C) involves the threat of harm, which is not the case here. Battery (choice D) refers to the intentional harmful or offensive touching of another person, which is not happening in this scenario.
4. A nurse is sitting with the partner of a client who recently died. Which action should the nurse take to facilitate mourning?
- A. Offer advice on coping strategies
- B. Encourage the partner to ask for help when needed
- C. Discuss the importance of grieving alone
- D. Suggest the partner avoid talking about the loss
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging the partner to ask for help when needed is the most appropriate action for the nurse to facilitate mourning. Grieving is a challenging process, and individuals may require support from others to cope effectively. Offering advice on coping strategies, discussing the importance of grieving alone, or suggesting avoiding talking about the loss could hinder the partner's mourning process by isolating them or suppressing their feelings.
5. A nurse is delegating the collection of a sputum specimen to an assistive personnel (AP). At which of the following times should the nurse instruct the AP to collect the specimen?
- A. In the afternoon
- B. As soon as the client awakens in the morning
- C. Before bedtime
- D. Immediately after lunch
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'As soon as the client awakens in the morning.' Sputum specimens should be collected early in the morning to obtain a concentrated sample. This timing ensures that the specimen is less diluted, providing a more accurate analysis. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the optimal timing for collecting a sputum specimen, which is in the morning.
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